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The virus exhibits broad tropism and can affect various organs and systems besides the liver. Among various HBV\u2010related extrahepatic diseases, glomerulonephritis, represented by membranous nephropathy, is the most common type. HBV\u2010associated membranous nephropathy (HBV\u2010MN) typically manifests as nephrotic syndrome with an insidious onset. Notably, 30% of adult patients progress to renal failure, underscoring the urgency for early diagnosis and intervention. Current challenges encompass underdiagnosis risks in occult HBV\u2010MN, lack of stratified guidance in treatment strategies, marked heterogeneity of immune complex deposition patterns in HBV\u2010GN, and incompletely characterized pathogenic mechanisms. 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