{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T19:06:02Z","timestamp":1785524762462,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Non\u2010hepatotropic viruses (NHVs), as a category of pathogens not primarily targeting the liver, can also cause hepatic injury. Liver injury associated with Epstein\u2010Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections, in particular, often attracts significant clinical attention. This retrospective cohort study analyzed the seroprevalence and clinical features of EBV and CMV infections among patients in Beijing from 2020 to 2024, with a focus on the impact of immunosuppression status on liver injury patterns. The CMV IgM positivity rate was 4.00% (646\/16,201), and the EBV IgM positivity rate was 7.84% (1007\/12,838), both showing significant upward annual trends (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Analysis of 236 IgM\u2010positive inpatients revealed a \u201cbifurcation phenomenon\u201d: the non\u2010immunosuppressed group exhibited more severe hepatocellular injury (e.g., ALT levels 6.5\u2010 to 10.9\u2010fold higher) and cholestatic damage (e.g., CMV group: TBIL increased 7.8\u2010fold), yet had better clinical outcomes (adverse outcome rate: 0\u20134.8%) compared to the immunosuppressed group (adverse outcome rate: 18.4\u201327.8%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Further analysis of 125 patients with confirmed liver injury demonstrated that the immunosuppressed group had severe CD4\u2009+\u2009T\u2010cell depletion and inverted CD4\u2009+\u2009\/CD8+ ratios. During EBV and CMV co\u2010infection, the immunosuppressed group showed higher CMV DNA detection rates (66.7% vs. 20.0%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0097) and viral loads (median 2675 vs. 625 copies\/mL,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.002). Within the immunosuppressed group, patients with CD4\u2009+\u2009T\u2010cell counts &gt;\u2009300 cells\/\u03bcL had higher ALT and AST levels, supporting an immune\u2010mediated injury mechanism. These findings indicate that immune status and virus type jointly shape the clinical spectrum of EBV\/CMV\u2010related liver injury. The dissociation between severe liver injury and favorable prognosis in non\u2010immunosuppressed patients underscores the role of immune pathology, while poorer outcomes in immunosuppressed patients are driven by CD4\u2009+\u2009T\u2010cell depletion, impaired viral clearance, and extrahepatic complications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,11]],"date-time":"2026-02-11T10:09:57Z","timestamp":1770804597000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["EBV and CMV Seroprevalence and Liver Injury Patterns Among Clinical Patients in Beijing: Differential Impact of Immunosuppression Status"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7613-5999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhaoxiang","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Center Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingxing","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Center Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1625-768X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Yi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division I of In Vitro Diagnostics for Infectious Diseases Institute for In Vitro Diagnostics Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control Beijing 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Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Center Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhua","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Center Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing 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