{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T14:01:00Z","timestamp":1791381660604,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Kaposi's sarcoma\u2010associated herpesvirus (KSHV) has been associated with a variety of diseases and is endemic in Sub\u2010Saharan Africa. We performed KSHV\u2010whole\u2010genome analysis and search for APOBEC\u2010editing to describe genetic diversity in samples issued from an endemic region. We included 15 Congolese samples including 12 saliva and whole blood samples of people living with HIV and 3 KS biopsies samples, to perform KSHV qPCR and NGS Illumina followed by KSHV typing on ORFs K1 and K15. Furthermore, we looked for APOBEC3B\u2010mutations in KSHV\u2010whole\u2010genome sequences. KSHV viral load was detectable in all samples and ranged from 374 to 72799 copies\/10\n                    <jats:sup>6<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells. NGS allowed us to have 8 full sequences out of the 15 samples analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis on KSHV\u2010whole\u2010genome resulted in distinct phylogenetic clustering between the genomic sequences of Congolese KSHV and those derived from Western countries. KSHV ORF\u2010K1 subtypes A5, B and C were identified. On KSHV ORF\u2010K15, only the P subtype was observed. We found virtually no APOBEC3B\u2010induced mutations in KSHV genome. KSHV sequences from Congo samples present phylogenetic particularities but remain close to the whole genome sequences found in Sub\u2010Saharan Africa. We were able to observe, using bioinformatics tools, only very few mutations due to APOBEC3B on KSHV genome.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.70933","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T09:00:33Z","timestamp":1777539633000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["KSHV Genome in Saliva, Whole Blood and Kaposi's Sarcoma Biopsy Specimens in Republic of Congo: Phylogenetic Analysis and an APOBEC3B Mutational Signature"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1840-951X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gervillien Arnold","family":"Malonga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP\u2010HP), H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re \u2010 Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie Paris France"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 Universit\u00e9 Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6817-6227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentin","family":"Leducq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP\u2010HP), H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re \u2010 Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Fauchois","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP\u2010HP), H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re \u2010 Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3216-059X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitry","family":"Moudiongui Mboungou Malanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 Universit\u00e9 Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of Congo"},{"name":"Service d'Anatomie et Cytopathologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5505-2145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrina Joseph","family":"Iloukou Mayakia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 Universit\u00e9 Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3594-1228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juth\u00e8ce Private","family":"Malanda\u2010Kiminou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 Universit\u00e9 Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0866-9473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferdinand Emaniel Brel","family":"Got","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 Universit\u00e9 Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7016-7488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabien Ga\u00ebl","family":"Mouamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 Universit\u00e9 Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of Congo"},{"name":"Service d'Anatomie et Cytopathologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Calvez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP\u2010HP), H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re \u2010 Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jean Felix","family":"Peko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de la Sant\u00e9 Universit\u00e9 Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville Republic of Congo"},{"name":"Service d'Anatomie et Cytopathologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brazzaville Brazzaville Republic of Congo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4808-8999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne\u2011Genevi\u00e8ve","family":"Marcelin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP\u2010HP), H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re \u2010 Charles Foix, Laboratoire de Virologie Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1952-6729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aude","family":"Jary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sorbonne Universit\u00e9, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epid\u00e9miologie et de Sant\u00e9 Publique, Assistance Publique \u2013 H\u00f4pitaux de Paris (AP\u2010HP), H\u00f4pitaux Universitaires Piti\u00e9\u2010Salp\u00eatri\u00e8re \u2010 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