{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T10:44:39Z","timestamp":1785840279930,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Routine SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 surveillance in hospitals is crucial for preventing in\u2010hospital transmission, especially among elderly and multimorbid patients. While RT\u2010PCR testing is sensitive, it is resource\u2010intensive, and rapid antigen tests lack sensitivity. This study evaluates the diagnostic performance and utility of serum N\u2010antigen ELISA for detecting active SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection in hospitalized patients during the Omicron period. A prospective, non\u2010interventional diagnostic accuracy study was conducted at a tertiary\u2010care university hospital in Germany from 6 January to 8 February 2023. Residual serum samples were tested for N\u2010antigen using a commercial ELISA and compared with RT\u2010PCR results from respiratory swabs. Diagnostic latency, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were calculated at the sample and patient levels. Among 2030 inpatients (12,558 patient\u2010days), 610 were screened by ELISA. Sensitivity and specificity were 60.6% and 99.9%, respectively, increasing to 89.6% and 99.9% for samples with \u2265\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    genome equivalents\/mL. Early infection showed higher sensitivity (78.6%) compared to late infection (25.5%). In a paired same\u2010cohort PCR\u2010only scenario, the combined PCR plus available serum N\u2010antigen workflow reduced unknown\u2010risk time by 243 patient\u2010days, corresponding to 1.94 fewer unknown\u2010risk days per 100 cohort patient\u2010days (95% bootstrap CI, 1.38\u20132.57). Residual\u2010serum SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 N\u2010antigen testing offers high specificity and early\u2010phase sensitivity, complementing PCR\u2010based hospital surveillance without additional sampling. This approach may enhance the efficient detection of unsuspected infections in routine inpatient care.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.71055","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T07:57:32Z","timestamp":1783411052000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessment of Residual\u2010Serum SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010N\u2010Antigen Testing for Hospital Surveillance in Germany"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7116-8931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jasmin","family":"Weninger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Knappschaft Kliniken University Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleko","family":"Zedginidze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Knappschaft Kliniken University Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonios","family":"Katsounas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Knappschaft Kliniken University Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9706-9471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Pohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Knappschaft Kliniken University Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1273-0604","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdurrahman","family":"Coskun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roman","family":"W\u00f6lfel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"\u00d6zc\u00fcr\u00fcmez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Knappschaft Kliniken University Hospital Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum Bochum Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-022-01538-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-00461-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-022-01768-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.27927"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2022.114469"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2022.295"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7003e3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7019a3"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22072-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofad346"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.11.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-65489-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/hvab216"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v14081653"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ofid\/ofae561"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2016-012799"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mlr.0000182534.19832.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31819432e5"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_20_1","unstructured":"Robert Koch Institut.W\u00f6chentlicher Lagebericht des RKI zur Coronavirus\u2010Krankheit 2019 (COVID\u201019) 19.01.2023 \u2013 aktualisierter Stand f\u00fcr Deutschland accessed 12 October2025.https:\/\/www.rki.de\/DE\/Themen\/Infektionskrankheiten\/Infektionskrankheiten-A-Z\/C\/COVID-19-Pandemie\/Situationsberichte\/Wochenbericht\/Wochenbericht_2023-01-19.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_14_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciad423"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2196-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_14_23_1","volume-title":"ScheBo SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 antigen ELISA: instructions for use","author":"ScheBo Biotech A. 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