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Importantly, complications arising from microvascular dysfunction, blood\u2010brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and chronic neuroinflammation have been implicated in driving PASC within the central nervous system (CNS), known as neuro\u2010PASC. Notably, people with HIV (PWH), who suffer from chronic neuroinflammation, BBB impairment, and glial cell dysfunction, collectively known as neuro\u2010HIV, are generally at higher risk of neuro\u2010PASC. The overlap between neuro\u2010PASC and neuro\u2010HIV raises concerns that HIV and SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 co\u2010infection may exacerbate neurological dysfunctions among PWH. In this study, using an in\u2010vitro cell culture model, we examine the effects of HIV and SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 mono\u2010 and co\u2010infection in microglia, astrocytes, and pericytes. Our results demonstrated that majority of brain cell types support SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 replication, in the presence and absence of HIV infection. Furthermore, in both mono\u2010 and co\u2010infected cells, there were varying degree of up\u2010 and downregulation of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 host cell entry factors, such as ACE2, TMPRSS2, NRP1, and TRIM28, and inflammatory cytokines including IL\u20106, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and IL\u20101\u03b2. Moreover, conditioned media collected from HIV, SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, and HIV\/SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 co\u2010infected astrocytes and pericytes were shown to be neurotoxic. Additionally, proteomic analysis has revealed a unique set of proteins significantly up\/down regulated in HIV\/SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 co\u2010infected astrocytes and pericytes. The gene set enrichment analysis of these proteins indicates dysregulation of lipid, energy, and immune metabolism pathways linked to neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. These in\u2010vitro findings indicate that astrocytes and pericytes from HIV\/SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 co\u2010infection exhibit altered protein expression profiles, implicating dysregulated signaling pathways associated with neurodegenerative dysfunction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.71086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,6]],"date-time":"2026-08-06T07:54:55Z","timestamp":1786002895000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In\u2010Vitro Evaluation of HIV\/SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Co\u2010Infection Mediated Proteomic Changes in Astrocytes and Pericytes Reveals Altered Signaling Pathways Associated With Neurodegenerative Disorders"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Arpan","family":"Acharya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, College of Medicine University of Nebraska Medical Center Omaha Nebraska 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