{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T18:43:13Z","timestamp":1792435393191,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Over the past two decades, coronaviruses have caused three major public health crises, including the epidemics of\n                    <jats:italic>SARS\u2010CoV, MERS\u2010CoV<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>SARS\u2010CoV\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Following the outbreak of\n                    <jats:italic>SARS\u2010CoV\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                    , several antiviral drugs have been approved for the treatment of COVID\u201019. However, the high mutation rate of\n                    <jats:italic>SARS\u2010CoV\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                    has led to the emergence of multiple variants, some of which can escape vaccine\u2010induced immunity and develop resistance to virus\u2010targeted drugs. Viruses rely on host cell mechanisms to complete replication and transmission. Host\u2010directed therapy is an emerging strategy that inhibits infection by targeting host cell factors essential for pathogen replication. Interventions targeting host factors have been proven effective in limiting viral infections and have the potential to reduce the risk of drug resistance. Our previous study found that the sigma\u20101 receptor (\u03c31R) is involved in the autophagic process mediated by the\n                    <jats:italic>SARS\u2010CoV\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                    non\u2010structural protein NSP6, suggesting that \u03c31R may serve as a therapeutic target against\n                    <jats:italic>SARS\u2010CoV\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                    . In this study, we found that the \u03c31R antagonists BD\u20101047 and \u03c31RA1 inhibited\n                    <jats:italic>SARS\u2010CoV\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                    and its variants\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and showed antiviral activity\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    . At the cellular level, these compounds also inhibited porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (\n                    <jats:italic>PEDV<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and infectious bronchitis virus (\n                    <jats:italic>IBV<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), indicating cross\u2010model antiviral activity. BD\u20101047 further showed antiviral activity against\n                    <jats:italic>HCoV\u2010OC43<\/jats:italic>\n                    in both\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    models. In addition, Ocaperidone, identified through computer\u2010aided screening, exhibited protective effects against\n                    <jats:italic>SARS\u2010CoV\u20102<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>HCoV\u2010OC43<\/jats:italic>\n                    in both cell\u2010based and mouse models. Collectively, these findings support \u03c31R as a host\u2010associated antiviral target candidate and provide several compounds for further optimization and mechanistic investigation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.71123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:16:26Z","timestamp":1791616586000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sigma\u20101 Receptor\u2010Targeting Compounds Show Antiviral Activity Across Multiple Coronavirus Models"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"98","author":[{"given":"Cuiling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonoses Prevention and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Academy of Military Medical Sciences Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingpeng","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy Nantong University Nantong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Sciences Northeast Normal University Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minghua","family":"chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonoses Prevention and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Academy of Military Medical Sciences Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisen","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Northeastern University Shenyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5233-465X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaojie","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine Jiujiang University Jiujiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianzhu","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonoses Prevention and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Academy of Military Medical Sciences Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9607-2006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gaoxing","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Environment and Health of New Pollutants, School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy Sciences Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonoses Prevention and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Academy of Military Medical Sciences Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonoses Prevention and Control, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Academy of Military Medical Sciences Changchun China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-018-0118-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2025.02.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13543776.2021.1884224"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00222-20"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.10.2400252"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-021-00418-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.0c01140"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkad216"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202001435"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mBio.00221-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-023-01926-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.add2191"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-28354-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jacs.3c12678"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Integrated Multi\u2010Omics Analyses Identify Anti\u2010Viral Host Factors and Pathways Controlling SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 Infection","volume":"15","author":"Hou J","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10111514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-024-02285-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2286-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2025.1636035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-023-02031-0"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","article-title":"Agonist, Antagonist, and Inverse Agonist Properties of Antipsychotics at Human Recombinant 5\u2010HT(1A) Receptors Expressed in Hela Cells","volume":"433","author":"C C.","year":"2002","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmacology"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","article-title":"Balaglitazone Reverses P\u2010Glycoprotein\u2010Mediated Multidrug Resistance via Upregulation of PTEN in a PPAR\u03b3\u2010dependent Manner in Leukemia Cells","volume":"39","author":"Bahman Y.","year":"2017","journal-title":"TUMOUR BIOLOGY"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/hm.HM-D-25-00096"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","article-title":"Effectiveness of Paxlovid in Reducing Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Mortality in High\u2010Risk Patients","volume":"76","author":"Ronza N.\u2010D.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","article-title":"In Silico Evaluation of Paxlovid's Pharmacometrics for SARS\u2010CoV\u20102: A Multiscale Approach","volume":"14","author":"Ferenc A. B.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","article-title":"Female Gender Is Associated With Long COVID Syndrome: A Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"28","author":"Francesca B.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Microbiology and Infection"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","article-title":"In Vitro Evaluation of the Impact of Covid\u201019 Therapeutic Agents on the Hydrolysis of the Antiviral Prodrug Remdesivir","volume":"365","author":"Qingchen Z.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemico\u2010Biological Interactions"},{"issue":"7890","key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","article-title":"How COVID Vaccines Shaped 2021 in Eight Powerful Charts","volume":"600","author":"Smriti M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-021-00570-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.00754-24"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.71123","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jmv.71123","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.71123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T18:35:36Z","timestamp":1792434936000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.71123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.71123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.71123","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-6615","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-07","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-10","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71123"}}