{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T21:39:03Z","timestamp":1792618743536,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP24fk0108671"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24fk0108671"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP25fk0108671"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP25fk0108671"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP26fk0108738"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP26fk0108738"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP24ek0109735j0101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP24ek0109735j0101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP22H04923"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22H04923"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Human T\u2011cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV\u20111) is a retrovirus that spreads primarily through cell\u2010to\u2010cell transmission. Occupational transmission of HTLV\u20101 by needlestick injury is considered exceedingly rare, with no reported molecularly confirmed cases. We report two healthcare workers who experienced accidental needlestick injuries while caring for patients seropositive for HTLV\u20111 and subsequently seroconverted. Full\u2011length HTLV\u20111 proviral sequencing revealed complete nucleotide identity between source patients and infected nurses. These strains belonged to the HTLV\u20101 subtype 1a Japanese subgroup but were distinct from 315 previously registered strains. Proviral integration site analysis demonstrated nonoverlapping integration profiles between source patients and healthcare workers, providing direct evidence of de novo HTLV\u20111 infection rather than expansion of transferred infected cells. Longitudinal analysis in one case showed dynamic clonal turnover between 5 and 14 months after transmission; &gt;\u200990% of infected\u2010cell clones were replaced, although the proviral load remained stable and low. Serological profiling revealed transiently elevated immunoglobulin M responses to Gag p19 peptides during early infection, followed by gradual immunoglobulin G maturation. These findings provide the first molecular confirmation of HTLV\u20111 transmission via needlestick injury resulting in de novo infection, revealing an under\u2010recognized occupational exposure route and supporting reconsideration of post\u2010exposure testing strategies, particularly in endemic regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.71143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T11:51:03Z","timestamp":1789041063000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Molecular Evidence of Human T\u2011Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Transmission by Needlestick Injury in Healthcare Workers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"98","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1296-9006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahito","family":"Tokunaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Imamura General Hospital Kagoshima 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