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The cells express mRNA for both BMP\u20106 and BMP\u20107, as well as for the receptors BMPRIA and BMPRII, demonstrating that the postnatal cells have the ability to form the heterodimer receptors needed to respond to BMPs. BMP\u20107 promotes cell survival, with a maximal effect at 10 ng\/ml, whereas tenfold more BMP\u20106 is needed: Both were active over the course of 8 days in culture. In addition, both BMPs were able to protect the neurons against death from induced apoptosis (exposure to serum\u2010free, low\u2010potassium medium) or exposure to glutamate. However, only BMP\u20106 could stimulate neurite outgrowth, measured with a neurofilament ELISA, an effect that was seen over the first 6 days in culture. These results, taken together with others in the literature, suggest that the BMPs have strong neurotrophic effects that are both neuron specific and BMP specific. 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