{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,17]],"date-time":"2026-05-17T04:19:55Z","timestamp":1778991595978,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,7,22]],"date-time":"2003-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1058832000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,9,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Microglia are prominently involved in neural degenerative diseases of the CNS and the retina. In this study, we determined the activation and phagocytotic function of different subtypes of retinal microglial cells at 1 week and 1 month following optic axotomy. Fluorescent DiI crystals were placed at the stumps of the cut optic nerves of Lewis rats to retrolabel retinal ganglion cells. Microglial cells were indirectly labeled as they phagocytosed the dye particles in the dying ganglion cells. OX\u201042, 5D4, ED1, and OX\u20106 antibodies were used for immunohistochemical study. The OX\u201042\u2010 and 5D4\u2010positive microglial cells were increased in the inner retinal layers after optic axotomy. The increase of OX\u201042\u2010positive cells was considerably greater than that of 5D4\u2010positive cells. The 5D4\u2010positive cells were ramified in shape, whereas OX\u201042\u2010positive cells were ameboid and ovoid. Both 5D4\u2010 and OX\u201042\u2010positive cells phagocytosed dying ganglion cells at 1 week and 1 month after axotomy. Scattered ameboid ED1\u2010positive cells were detected in the normal retina and showed phagocytotic activity at 1 month after optic axotomy. The number of ED1\u2010positive cells in the retina was unchanged after axotomy. In optic axotomy, three types of microglial cells were activated, namely, 5D4\u2010positive ramified cells and OX\u201042\u2010 and ED1\u2010positive ameboid cells. All of them exhibited the phagocytosis of dying ganglion cells. Insofar as the blood\u2013retinal barrier presumably remained intact in optic axotomy, the OX\u201042\u2010 and 5D4\u2010positive cells might derive from resident microglial cells. The ED1\u2010positive cells, presumably recently blood\u2010borne macrophage in the CNS, remained the same number in the axotomized retina. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10713","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,8,27]],"date-time":"2003-08-27T13:42:57Z","timestamp":1061991777000},"page":"840-845","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Characterization of activated retinal microglia following optic axotomy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Cheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark 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