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We review the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) components as well as MMPs and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) in the peripheral nervous system. We explore the expression of certain MMPs and the four TIMPs at the mRNA level in the postnatal mouse sciatic nerve. In addition, we have used substrate gel and in situ zymography to determine levels of MMP\u20102 and \u20109 and TIMP activity in rat sciatic nerve after crush and during regeneration. A rapid and transient increase in MMP\u20109 localised at and immediately distal to the site of injury was observed, whereas an increase in MMP\u20102 activity was delayed, prolonged, and extended proximal and distal to the injury site. This activity coincides with periods of axonal elongation, suggesting that it could act to facilitate axonal extension along the nerve matrix. We also detected multiple species of gelatinolytic inhibitory activity, including TIMP\u20101 and \u20103 in control and injured nerve. These activities probably act to prevent uncontrolled gelatinolytic activity, maintaining nerve integrity at the level essential for axonal regrowth. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,30]],"date-time":"2003-10-30T06:29:14Z","timestamp":1067495354000},"page":"417-429","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Extracellular matrix and matrix metalloproteinases in sciatic 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