{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,8]],"date-time":"2025-10-08T16:06:42Z","timestamp":1759939602136},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,20]],"date-time":"2004-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1085011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>\u201cDecoy\u201d oligonucleotides can be used as gene\u2010specific nuclear factor (NF\u2010\u03baB) inhibitors to regulate gene expression. We applied two different decoy oligonucleotides that contained the NF\u2010\u03baB binding consensus sequences present in the immunoglobulin G (IgG)\u2010\u03baB and Bcl\u2010x promoter into 7\u2010day\u2010old (P7) rat lateral ventricles before hypoxia\/ischemia (HI) and compared their effects on gene expression in hippocampi to saline\u2010treated, scrambled decoy\u2010treated, or untreated hippocampi exposed to HI. Left hippocampi were collected at 12 hr after HI. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) showed that the two decoy treatments had different effects on NF\u2010\u03baB binding to the IgG\u2010\u03baB and Bcl\u2010x promoter\u2010specific consensus sequences, respectively. We assessed the decoys' effects on gene expression 12 hr after HI using ribonuclease protection assays (RPAs) and Affymetrix DNA microarrays. RPAs showed that both decoys significantly decreased interleukin (IL)\u20101\u03b1 mRNA levels but had no impact on IL\u20101\u03b2, IL\u20106, and IL\u201010 mRNA levels. IgG\u2010\u03baB decoys significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010\u03b1 and TNF\u2010\u03b2 mRNA levels compared to minimal changes after treatment with Bcl\u2010x decoys. DNA microarray analyses showed that Bcl\u2010x decoy treatment significantly decreased Bcl\u2010x<jats:sub>L<\/jats:sub> mRNA levels. The decreased Bcl\u2010x<jats:sub>L<\/jats:sub> mRNA levels after Bcl\u2010x decoy treatment was confirmed by RPA analysis. DNA microarray data also indicated that several other genes were affected by both decoys. Our results suggest that different NF\u2010\u03baB decoy treatments could differentially regulate transcriptional responses to central nervous system trauma. Careful design of decoy sequences, however, is essential to acquire selective effects on cell death outcome. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.20156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,20]],"date-time":"2004-05-20T22:04:43Z","timestamp":1085090683000},"page":"108-118","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Effects of NF\u2010\u03baB oligonucleotide \u201cDecoys\u201d on gene expression in P7 rat hippocampus after hypoxia\/ischemia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"77","author":[{"given":"Jingxin","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoming","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivera","family":"Nesic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marjorie R.","family":"Grafe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David K.","family":"Rassin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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