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To date, 5\u2010hydroxyoxindole's role is unknown. The aim of this study was to compare 5\u2010hydroxyoxindole levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during day\u2010night and seasonal changes, as a common approach to pilot physiological characterization of any compound. Simultaneous blood and CSF sampling was performed in the ewe, because its size allows collection in quantities suitable for 5\u2010hydroxyoxindole assay (HPLC\u2010ED) in awake animals, without obvious physiological or behavioral disturbance. 5\u2010Hydroxyoxindole concentration was quite stable in plasma (2\u20136 nM range), whereas, in CSF, it displayed marked day\u2010night and photoperiodic variations (4\u2013116 nM range). 5\u2010Hydroxyoxindole levels in CSF were twofold higher at night than during the day and at least one order of magnitude higher during the long compared with the short photoperiod. These day\/night and photoperiodic variations persisted after pinealectomy, indicating that 5\u2010hydroxyoxindole rhythms in CSF are independent of melatonin formation. In conclusion, high levels of 5\u2010hydroxyoxindole in the CSF during long photoperiod and its daily modulation suggest physiological involvement of 5\u2010hydroxyoxindole in rhythmic adjustments in the brain, independently of the pineal gland. \u00a9 2007 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21475","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,8,25]],"date-time":"2007-08-25T01:48:16Z","timestamp":1188006496000},"page":"202-207","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["5\u2010hydroxyoxindole, an indole metabolite, is present at high concentrations in 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