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Here we describe a novel vessel microport surgical technique for a variety of cerebrovascular applications that is reproducible and well tolerated in mice. The procedure is based on the insertion of a vessel microport into the external carotid artery for substance delivery into the CNS via the internal carotid artery. The method results in selective substance delivery into the ipsilateral hemisphere. Other novel aspects of this surgical technique include the ability to perform multiple injections, study of conscious mice well removed from surgery, and lack of occlusion of the common or internal carotid artery that allows carotid flow to be maintained. The feasibility of this technique has been validated by infusion of HIV Tat protein to induce permeability of the blood\u2013brain barrier and by implantation of tumor cells to establish a brain metastasis model. Thus, the described vessel microport technique can be employed in a variety of cerebrovascular research applications. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21973","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,31]],"date-time":"2008-12-31T14:48:00Z","timestamp":1230734880000},"page":"1718-1727","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Vessel microport technique for applications in cerebrovascular research"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karin R.","family":"Swartz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michal","family":"Toborek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1824"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10762"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(02)02234-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.173.10.6228"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","first-page":"6158","article-title":"Low systemic exposure of oral docetaxel in mice resulting from extensive first\u2010pass metabolism is boosted by ritonavir","volume":"62","author":"Bardelmeijer HA","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2004.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-409X(00)00139-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11910-008-0036-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03401714"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.47.120505.105237"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20262"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004150050275"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mthe.2001.0274"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2005.03114.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600254"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.9.3064.421a10_3064_3072"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.06-7380com"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5483\/BMBRep.2006.39.4.339"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1054-3589(00)49031-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05901"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3302445"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6600977"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","first-page":"252","article-title":"Drug delivery to the central nervous system: a review","volume":"6","author":"Misra A","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pharm Pharm Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2006.09.9861"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1829"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000097715.11966.8E"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1292"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(02)01054-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2007.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305-7372(03)00105-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03033822"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600422"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600125"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-001-0067-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-0946"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","first-page":"247","article-title":"AIDS meningoencephalomyelitis. 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