{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T07:00:21Z","timestamp":1791010821908,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,10]],"date-time":"2009-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1252540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Peripheral nerve regeneration begins immediately after injury. Understanding the mechanisms by which early modulators of axonal degeneration regulate neurite outgrowth may affect the development of new strategies to promote nerve repair. Tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (TNF\u2010\u03b1) plays a crucial role in the initiation of degenerative cascades after peripheral nerve injury. Here we demonstrate using real\u2010time Taqman quantitative RT\u2010PCR that, during the time course (days 1\u201360) of sciatic nerve crush, TNF\u2010\u03b1 mRNA expression is induced at 1 day and returned to baseline at 5 days after injury in nerve and the corresponding dorsal root ganglia (DRG). Immediate therapy with the TNF\u2010\u03b1 antagonist etanercept (fusion protein of TNFRII and human IgG), administered systemically (i.p.) and locally (epineurially) after nerve crush injury, enhanced the rate of axonal regeneration, as determined by nerve pinch test and increased number of characteristic clusters of regenerating nerve fibers distal to nerve crush segments. These fibers were immunoreactive for growth associated protein\u201043 (GAP\u201043) and etanercept, detected by anti\u2010human IgG immunofluorescence. Increased GAP\u201043 expression was found in the injured nerve and in the corresponding DRG and ventral spinal cord after systemic etanercept compared with vehicle treatments. This study established that immediate therapy with TNF\u2010\u03b1 antagonist supports axonal regeneration after peripheral nerve injury. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,10]],"date-time":"2009-09-10T20:03:51Z","timestamp":1252613031000},"page":"360-368","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Immediate anti\u2010tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 (etanercept) therapy enhances axonal regeneration after sciatic nerve crush"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Kinshi","family":"Kato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huaqing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shin\u2010ichi","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert R.","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Veronica I.","family":"Shubayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(95)90168-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000259810.48681.90"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3027-07.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2007.04928.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0815-06.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00135-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.13.030190.000355"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","first-page":"857","article-title":"Determinants of axonal regeneration","volume":"12","author":"Frisen J","year":"1997","journal-title":"Histol Histopathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.105.097188"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2004.09.075"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2004.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.19.1.14","article-title":"The rate of regeneration of nerve","volume":"19","author":"Gutmann E","year":"1942","journal-title":"J Exp Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318178e5ea"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8027.2006.00091.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.02.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2003.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000155410.48700.9e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)02190-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.10701"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1740925X05000347"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(77)90193-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4886(03)00297-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1359-6446(05)03637-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-03-00854.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.2001.7677"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/29.9.e45"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-07-02517.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(91)90344-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.11-12-03738.1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5313-06.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21814"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1529-8027.2001.01010.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1529-8027.2002.02002.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.05.081"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2008.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","first-page":"170","article-title":"Perispinal TNF\u2010alpha inhibition for discogenic pain","volume":"133","author":"Tobinick EL","year":"2003","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1185\/030079903125004286"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2007.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)07978-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e318162340a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270004273321"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroscience Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjnr.22202","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jnr.22202","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,8]],"date-time":"2023-10-08T21:07:24Z","timestamp":1696799244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jnr.22202"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,10]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jnr.22202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jnr.22202","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0360-4012","1097-4547"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0360-4012","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4547","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,10]]}}}