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However, the mechanisms of how transplanted cells exert their beneficial effects on the damaged tissue are still unclear. As detection of hUCB cells at the lesion site coincides with the therapeutic effects observed in our model, we investigated the role of the chemokine stromal derived factor (SDF)\u20101 (CXCL12) as a possible candidate for chemotaxis\u2010mediated \u2018homing\u2019 of transplanted hUCB cells to a hypoxic\u2010ischemic lesion in the perinatal rat brain. Following the hypoxic\u2010ischemic insult expression of SDF\u20101 significantly increased in lesioned brain hemispheres and was mainly associated with astrocytes. Transplanted hUCB cells expressing the SDF\u20101 receptor CXCR4 migrated to the lesion site within one day. Inhibition of SDF\u20101 by application of neutralizing antibodies in vivo resulted in a significantly reduced number of hUCB cells at the lesioned area. The increase in glial SDF\u20101 expression shortly after induction of the lesion and hUCB cells expressing the corresponding receptor makes SDF\u20101 a potential chemotactic factor for hUCB cell migration. The reduction of hUCB cells present at the lesion site upon functional inhibition of SDF\u20101 strengthens the view that the SDF\u20101\/CXCR4 axis is of major importance for cell \u2018homing\u2019. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22292","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,23]],"date-time":"2009-11-23T23:36:19Z","timestamp":1259019379000},"page":"1223-1233","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["The chemokine SDF\u20101\/CXCL12 contributes to the \u2018homing\u2019 of umbilical cord blood cells to a hypoxic\u2010ischemic lesion in the rat 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