{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T08:36:38Z","timestamp":1777538198585,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,19]],"date-time":"2010-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1266537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The immediate\u2010early gene <jats:italic>Nurr1<\/jats:italic> is a member of the inducible orphan nuclear receptor family. <jats:italic>Nurr1<\/jats:italic> is essential to the differentiation, maturation, and maintenance of midbrain dopaminergic neurons and is expressed in different brain regions. We have reported that adult mice with reduced <jats:italic>Nurr1<\/jats:italic> expression displayed an increase in immobility response to acute stress. These mice were also deficient in the retention of emotional memory. Thus, <jats:italic>Nurr1<\/jats:italic> expression seems to be relevant to normal cognitive processes. To investigate the response of <jats:italic>Nurr1<\/jats:italic> to a stress stimulus, <jats:italic>Nurr1<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression was examined by in situ hybridization in adult mice using a depression\u2010like behavior paradigm, the forced swim test. The <jats:italic>Nurr1<\/jats:italic> gene was rapidly and widely up\u2010regulated throughout the brain, including cortical areas (i.e., prefrontal cortex, primary and secondary visual cortex, primary auditory cortex, and secondary somatosensory cortex), hippocampus (dentate gyrus, CA1, CA2, and CA3), and midbrain (substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area) at 30 min and 3 hr after the forced swim test. Dopamine content was reduced in prefrontal cortex and midbrain following swim stress. These results suggest that the increase in <jats:italic>Nurr1<\/jats:italic> expression might be a compensatory mechanism to counteract the changes in forebrain dopamine transmission in coping with acute stress. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,2,19]],"date-time":"2010-02-19T18:27:48Z","timestamp":1266604068000},"page":"2284-2293","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Rapid increase of <i>Nurr1<\/i> mRNA expression in limbic and cortical brain structures related to coping with depression\u2010like behavior in 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