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Upon CNS injury, microglia react by immediate cellular polarization and process extension toward the lesion site as well as by subsequent amoeboid lesion\u2010directed migration and phagocytosis. To determine the ability of microglia to fulfill their role within distinctively lesioned tissue in the absence of life support, we investigated microglial activity and responsiveness to laser\u2010induced axonal injuries in the spinal dorsal columns in situ after cardiac and respiratory arrest, i.e., post\u2010mortem, in the progressively degrading nervous tissue. For this purpose, we used time\u2010lapse two\u2010photon laser scanning microscopy in double transgenic mice expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein in microglia and enhanced yellow fluorescent protein in projection neurons. Depending on the premortal condition of the animal, microglial activity and responsiveness remain for up to5\u201310 hr post\u2010mortem. Thereby, the continuously decreasing glial reaction is independent of oxygen and glucose supply but requires residual ATP, suggesting a parasitic form of energy, such as a transmembrane uptake of ATP released from injured nervous tissue. Even though initially microglia are able to detect axonal injury after disruption of the blood supply, the later aspects of glial reaction, for example amoeboid conversion and migration, are absent post\u2010 mortem, corresponding to the failure of microglia to prevent secondary damage after injury of nervous tissue. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,12]],"date-time":"2010-04-12T18:07:12Z","timestamp":1271095632000},"page":"2431-2440","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Long\u2010lasting post\u2010mortem activity of spinal microglia in situ in 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