{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T14:18:08Z","timestamp":1790432288577,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,21]],"date-time":"2013-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1377043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Axonal fasciculation is a mechanism deployed by growing axons to reach their targets during development of the nervous system. Published data have suggested the involvement of neuronal cell adhesion molecules (NCAM) in axonal fasciculation. We have characterized the formation of axonal fascicles in serum\u2010free, primary cultures of cortical neurons from embryonic rat brains. Unlike the published data, axonal fascicles in our system have a unique morphology: they are waveform, are rarely thicker than 20 \u03bcm, and can reach up to several millimeters in length. We observed an age and time dependence in the formation of fascicles. They formed only in cultures from embryonic day 15\u201317 brain and only between 4 days in vitro (DIV) and 11 DIV. Electron microscopy showed that the fascicles consisted of mostly axonal processes. Immunocytochemical staining confirmed that the fascicles were positive for the 66\u2010kDa neurofilament protein, NF66, but they contained few, if any, microtubule\u2010associated protein\u20102\u2010positive or glial fibrillary acidic protein\u2010positive processes. Polysialic acids appeared to be critical in the formation of fascicles. Neuraminidase treatment prevented the formation of fascicles when added before 5 DIV. Addition of a specific inhibitor blocked the effect of neuraminidase. The cortical neurons in our model shared several important features with axon fasciculation in vivo and may provide a unique system for studying the molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of axonal tracts in the brain. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,21]],"date-time":"2013-08-21T11:37:45Z","timestamp":1377085065000},"page":"1408-1418","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Axonal fasciculation and the role of polysialic acid\u2010neural cell adhesion molecule in rat cortical neurons"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Chandramohan G.","family":"Wakade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy Georgia Regents University Augusta Georgia"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics Georgia Regents University Augusta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyamal H.","family":"Mehta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Georgia Regents University Augusta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manebu","family":"Maeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics Georgia Regents University Augusta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Clinton","family":"Webb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Georgia Regents University Augusta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fung\u2010Chow","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics Georgia Regents University Augusta Georgia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.114.1.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(95)00146-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/11.3.278"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-17-06853.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)97171-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.23.10548"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(97)00834-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(89)90189-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.1996.0588"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.22.13242"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-5748(99)00090-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.10.3116"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/343464a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2012.00076"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490300114"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","first-page":"907","article-title":"In vivo enzymatic removal of alpha2,6\u2010linked sialic acid from the glomerular fitration barrier results in podocyte charge alteration and glomeular injury","volume":"74","author":"Gelberg H","year":"1996","journal-title":"Lab Invest"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.110.3.817"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.80.18.5762"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(98)00156-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effects of cell surface ganglioside inhibition on growth control and differentiation of human neuroblastoma cells","volume":"73","author":"Kopitz J","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Cell Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(88)90358-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1999.9498"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(94)90022-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-09-03297.1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2000.9970"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf216"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(99)00057-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/SQB.1983.048.01.063"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1988.68.3.819","article-title":"Cell adhesion molecules in vertebrate neural development","volume":"68","author":"Rutishauser U","year":"1988","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.97.1.145"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/304347a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(94)90356-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","first-page":"5986","article-title":"Fiber\u2013fiber interaction and tectal cues influence the development of the chicken retinotectal projection","volume":"84","author":"Thanos S","year":"1984","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0012-1606(86)90208-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-07-02638.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.121.10.3439"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroscience Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjnr.23268","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jnr.23268","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T13:01:14Z","timestamp":1696338074000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jnr.23268"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,21]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jnr.23268"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jnr.23268","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0360-4012","1097-4547"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0360-4012","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4547","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,21]]}}}