{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T02:00:40Z","timestamp":1788660040853,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,17]],"date-time":"2014-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1405555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001868","name":"National Science Council, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["NSC 102-2314-B-182A-071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSC 102-2314-B-182A-071"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with high rates of mortality and morbidity. Thus, the identification of novel therapeutic agents for preventing strokes and attenuating poststroke brain damage is crucial. Dexamethasone (DEX) is used clinically to reduce edema formation in patients with spinal cord injury and brain tumors. In this study, we sought to elucidate the effects of DEX treatment on apoptosis and inflammation following ICH in rats. A high dose of DEX (15 mg\/kg) was administered immediately following ICH induction and again 3 days later. The inflammatory and apoptotic responses in the rat brains were evaluated by using hematoxylin\u2010eosin, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling, Nissl, and neurofilament\u2010H staining. Levels of phosphorylated neurofilaments and apoptosis\u2010related proteins such as B\u2010cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl\u20102), Bcl\u20102 associated X protein (Bax), caspase\u20103, and P53 were analyzed by Western blotting. This study shows that rats without ICH that received DEX treatment had a fourfold higher expression of Bcl\u20102 than sham\u2010operated rats. ICH causes an increase in Bax, cleaved caspase\u20103, and P53 proteins from 4 hr to 7 days following ICH induction. In comparison with the ICH rats, the ICH\/DEX rats showed significantly decreased apoptotic cell death and increased neuron survival and maintained neurofilament integrity in the perihematomal region. DEX increased the Bcl\u20102\/Bax ratio and lowered the expression of cleaved caspase\u20103 at 12 hr and 5 days. The ICH rats were accompanied by activation of the inflammatory response, and DEX treatment modulated the expression of a variety of cell types and then decreased ICH\u2010induced apoptosis. \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,17]],"date-time":"2014-07-17T14:20:10Z","timestamp":1405606810000},"page":"178-188","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Dexamethasone reduces brain cell apoptosis and inhibits inflammatory response in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"I\u2010Neng","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Research Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chia\u2010Yi Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan\u2010Chun","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Chia\u2010Yi 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