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It has been previously shown to have antioxidant and neuroprotective properties in several models of neurodegenerative disease, including cerebral ischemia. The present study investigates the effects of apocynin on transient global cerebral ischemia (TGCI)\u2010induced retrograde memory deficits in rats. The protective effects of apocynin on neurodegeneration and the glial response to TGCI are also evaluated. Rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of apocynin (5 mg\/kg) 30 min before TGCI and were tested 7, 14, and 21 days later in the eight\u2010arm aversive radial maze (AvRM). After behavioral testing, the hippocampi were removed for histological evaluation. The present results confirm that TGCI causes memory impairment in the AvRM and that apocynin prevents these memory deficits and attenuates hippocampal neuronal death in a sustained way. Apocynin also decreases OX\u201042 and glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity induced by TGCI. These findings support the potential role of apocynin in preventing neurodegeneration and cognitive impairments following TGCI in rats. The long\u2010term protective effects of apocynin may involve inhibition of the glial response. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,23]],"date-time":"2015-02-23T04:53:18Z","timestamp":1424667198000},"page":"1240-1249","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["4\u2010hydroxy\u20103\u2010methoxy\u2010acetophenone\u2010mediated long\u2010lasting memory recovery, hippocampal neuroprotection, and reduction of glial cell activation after transient global cerebral ischemia in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"C\u00e1ssia Val\u00e9rio","family":"Romanini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics State University of Maring\u00e1 Maring\u00e1 Paran\u00e1 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emilene Dias 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