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This study tests the therapeutic effect of transplantation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into the substantia nigra (SN) of the PD rat. 5\u2010Bromo\u20102\u2010deoxyuridine\u2010labeled rat MSCs were transplanted into the SN of the 6\u2010hydroxydopamine\u2010injected side of PD rat brains. The behavioral changes in PD rats were examined before and 4 and 8 weeks after MSC transplantation. The expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in the SN and the striatum and the survival and differentiation of MSCs were assessed by immunohistochemical and double immunofluorescence techniques. Abnormal behavior of PD rats was significantly improved by the administration of bone marrow MSCs, and the number of TH\u2010positive cells in the SN and the optical density of TH\u2010positive fibers in the striatum were markedly increased. Transplanted MSCs can survive and migrate in the brain and differentiate into nestin\u2010, neuron\u2010specific enolase\u2010, and GFAP\u2010positive cells. Our findings suggest that transplantation of rat bone marrow MSCs into the SN of PD rats may provide therapeutic effects. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,12]],"date-time":"2016-09-12T13:23:22Z","timestamp":1473686602000},"page":"907-917","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Therapeutic effects of intranigral transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells in rat models of Parkinson's disease"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Dandan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology Weifang Medical University Weifang Shandong People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yantai Shandong People's Republic of 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