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Here we sought to determine how simulated microgravity (sim\u2010\u00b5G) impacts both energy and lipid metabolism in oligodendrocytes (OLs), the myelin\u2010forming cells in the central nervous system. We report increased mitochondrial respiration and increased glycolysis 24\u2009hr after exposure to sim\u2010\u00b5G. Moreover, examination of the secretome after 3 days' exposure of OLs to sim\u2010\u00b5G increased the Krebs cycle (Krebs and Weitzman, <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"#jnr23958-bib-0014\"\/>) flux in sim\u2010\u00b5G. The secretome study also revealed a significant increase in the synthesis of fatty acids and complex lipids such as 1,2\u2010dipalmitoyl\u2010GPC (5.67); lysolipids like 1\u2010oleoyl\u2010GPE (4.48) were also increased by microgravity. Although longer\u2010chain lipids were not observed in this study, it is possible that at longer time points OLs would have continued moving forward toward the synthesis of lipids that constitute myelin. For centuries, basic developmental biology research has been the pillar of an array of discoveries that have led to clinical applications; we believe that studies using microgravity will open new avenues to our understanding of the brain in health and disease\u2014in particular, to the discovery of new molecules and mechanisms impossible to unveil while in 1G. \u00a9 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.23958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]],"date-time":"2016-09-28T14:19:09Z","timestamp":1475072349000},"page":"1434-1450","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Simulated microgravity enhances oligodendrocyte mitochondrial function and lipid metabolism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Araceli","family":"Espinosa\u2010Jeffrey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Departments of Neurobiology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Departments of Neurobiology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shalini","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Departments of Neurobiology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ochiai","family":"Toshimasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Space Systems Engineering Department, Integrated Defense &amp; Space Systems, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryuji","family":"Hirose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Space Systems Engineering Department, Integrated Defense &amp; Space Systems, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, LTD Kobe Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Reue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles California"},{"name":"Molecular Biology Institute University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Vergnes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Kinchen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Departments of Neurobiology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean de","family":"Vellis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Departments of Neurobiology, Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA Los Angeles California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2011.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.2.871"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2013.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.12-218693"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jep.12632"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1758-2946-2-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.R400004-JLR200"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","unstructured":"Espinosa\u2010JefferyA OregelK TaniguchiA GreenJ ChuB deVellisJ.2016.The implications of microgravity on cell morphology and proliferation of stem cell progenies towards astronaut health. 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