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While the mechanisms and etiology of ASD are still unknown, a consensus is emerging about the synaptic nature of the syndrome, suggesting a possible avenue for pharmacological treatment with synaptogenic compounds. The peptidic mixture cerebrolysin (CBL) has been successfully used during the last three decades in the treatment of stroke and neurodegenerative disease. Animal experiments indicate that at least one possible mechanism of action of CBL is through neuroprotection and\/or synaptogenesis. In the present study, we tested the effect of CBL treatment (daily injection of 2.5 mL\/Kg i.p. during 15 days) on a rat model of ASD. This was based on the offspring (43 male and 51 female pups) of a pregnant female rat injected with valproic acid (VPA, 600 mg\/Kg) at the embryonic day 12.5, which previous work has shown to display extensive behavioral, as well as synaptic impairment. Comparison between saline vs. CBL\u2010injected VPA animals shows that CBL treatment improves behavioral as well as synaptic impairments, measured by behavioral performance (social interaction, Y\u2010maze, plus\u2010maze), maximal response of inhibitory \u03b3\u2010amino butyric acid type A receptor (GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub>R)\u2010mediated synaptic currents, as well as their kinetic properties and adrenergic and muscarinic modulation. We speculate that CBL might be a viable and effective candidate for pharmacological treatment or co\u2010treatment of ASD patients. \u00a9 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]],"date-time":"2017-06-13T17:26:44Z","timestamp":1497374804000},"page":"2456-2468","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Cerebrolysin prevents deficits in social behavior, repetitive conduct, and synaptic inhibition in a rat model of autism"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Roberto","family":"Cuevas\u2010Olguin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias, Programa de Biolog\u00eda Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de San Luis Potos\u00ed San Luis Potos\u00ed SLP 78290 M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swagata","family":"Roychowdhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Children and Human Development NIH Bethesda MD 20892 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anwesha","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX 75080 USA"},{"name":"Emory School of Medicine Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, 615 Michael St. WBRB #415 Atlanta GA 30322 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"Garcia\u2010Oscos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience University of Texas Southwestern Dallas TX 75390 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Esquivel\u2010Rendon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias, Programa de Biolog\u00eda Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de San Luis Potos\u00ed San Luis Potos\u00ed SLP 78290 M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Elena","family":"Bringas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Benemerita Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Puebla Instituto de Fisiolog\u00eda Puebla Pue. 72000 M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael P.","family":"Kilgard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX 75080 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Benemerita Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Puebla Instituto de Fisiolog\u00eda Puebla Pue. 72000 M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0365-7783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Atzori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias, Programa de Biolog\u00eda Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de San Luis Potos\u00ed San Luis Potos\u00ed SLP 78290 M\u00e9xico"},{"name":"School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences University of Texas at Dallas Richardson TX 75080 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1358\/dot.2012.48(Suppl.A).1739721","article-title":"Cerebrolysin improves symptoms and delays progression in patients with Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia","volume":"48","author":"Allegri RF","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drugs Today (Barc)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004850-200309000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1461145712001216"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1358\/dot.2012.48(Suppl.A).1739723","article-title":"Accelerated recovery from acute brain injuries: clinical efficacy of neurotrophic treatment in stroke and traumatic brain injuries","volume":"48","author":"Bornstein N","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drugs Today (Barc)"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"CDC Data and Statistics Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Atlanta Ga. 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