{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:48:13Z","timestamp":1786978093172,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]],"date-time":"2018-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1523836800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 NS081063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS081063"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Many publications report that ablations of segments of peripheral nerves produce the following unfortunate results: (\n                    <jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) Immediate loss of sensory signaling and motor control; (\n                    <jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) rapid Wallerian degeneration of severed distal axons within days; (\n                    <jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) muscle atrophy within weeks; (\n                    <jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) poor behavioral (functional) recovery after many months, if ever, by slowly\u2010regenerating (\u223c1mm\/d) axon outgrowths from surviving proximal nerve stumps; and\n                    <jats:bold>(5)<\/jats:bold>\n                    Nerve allografts to repair gap injuries are rejected, often even if tissue matched and immunosuppressed. In contrast, using a female rat sciatic nerve model system, we report that neurorrhaphy of allografts plus a well\u2010specified\u2010sequence of solutions (one containing polyethylene glycol: PEG) successfully addresses each of these problems by: (\n                    <jats:bold>a<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) Reestablishing axonal continuity\/signaling within minutes by nonspecific ally PEG\u2010fusing (connecting) severed motor and sensory axons across each anastomosis; (\n                    <jats:bold>b<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) preventing Wallerian degeneration by maintaining many distal segments of inappropriately\u2010reconnected, PEG\u2010fused axons that continuously activate nerve\u2010muscle junctions; (\n                    <jats:bold>c<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) maintaining innervation of muscle fibers that undergo much less atrophy than otherwise\u2010denervated muscle fibers; (\n                    <jats:bold>d<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) inducing remarkable behavioral recovery to near\u2010unoperated levels within days to weeks, almost certainly by CNS and PNS plasticities well\u2010beyond what most neuroscientists currently imagine; and (\n                    <jats:bold>e<\/jats:bold>\n                    ) preventing rejection of PEG\u2010fused donor nerve allografts with no tissue matching or immunosuppression. Similar behavioral results are produced by PEG\u2010fused autografts. All results for Negative Control allografts agree with current neuroscience data 1\u20105 given above. Hence, PEG\u2010fusion of allografts for repair of ablated peripheral nerve segments expand on previous observations in single\u2010cut injuries, provoke reconsideration of some current neuroscience dogma, and further extend the potential of PEG\u2010fusion in clinical practice.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24227","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]],"date-time":"2018-04-16T11:10:38Z","timestamp":1523877038000},"page":"1243-1264","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Polyethylene glycol treated allografts not tissue matched nor immunosuppressed rapidly repair sciatic nerve gaps, maintain neuromuscular functions, and restore voluntary behaviors in female rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Michelle","family":"Mikesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2125-1186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cameron L.","family":"Ghergherehchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Rahesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karthik","family":"Jagannath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dale R.","family":"Sengelaub","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Indiana University Bloomington Indiana 47405 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard C.","family":"Trevino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery Wellspan Teaching Hospitals York PA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David M.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuraptive Therapeutics Lafayette CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haley O.","family":"Tucker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biosciences University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5610-6264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George D.","family":"Bittner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Past, present, and future of nerve conduits in the treatment of peripheral nerve injury","volume":"2015","author":"Aikeremujiang M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"BioMed Research International"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-0712(21)00502-3","article-title":"Functional results of primary nerve repair","volume":"16","author":"Allan C. 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