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We hypothesized that growth restriction from reduced intrauterine perfusion would predispose neonatal rats to have a worse outcome with HI brain injury. IUGR was induced by placental insufficiency in dams at 14 days of gestation. HI was induced at postnatal day (P) 10 by permanent right carotid artery ligation followed by 90 min of hypoxia (8% oxygen). Tests for early brain injury and neurobehavioral outcomes were subsequently done.  All statistical analysis was done using Two\u2010way ANOVA; post hoc Holm\u2010Sidak test. HI in control and IUGR groups decreased the success rate of the contralateral vibrissa\u2010elicited forelimb test, increased response latency in movement initiation test and increased the time to finish elevated beam walk test at P40 and P60. IUGR augmented HI\u2010induced abnormality in vibrissa\u2010elicited forelimb test at P40 but showed higher success rate when compared to HI only group at P60. IUGR\u2019s negative effect on HI\u2010induced changes on the elevated beam walk test was sex\u2010specific and exaggerated in P60 males. Increased TUNEL positive cells in the cortex were noted at 72 h after in HI in control but not in IUGR groups. In conclusion, the consequences of IUGR on subsequent neonatal HI varied based on age, sex and outcomes examined, and overall, male sex and IUGR had worse effects on the long\u2010term neurobehavioral outcomes following HI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,7]],"date-time":"2019-03-07T12:50:57Z","timestamp":1551963057000},"page":"661-672","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Intrauterine growth restriction and neonatal hypoxic ischemic brain injury causes sex\u2010specific long\u2010term neurobehavioral abnormalities in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9845-9626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radhika","family":"Narang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Newborn Medicine Valley Children\u2019s Healthcare Madera California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson Mississippi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"Muncie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson Mississippi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson Mississippi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lir\u2010Wan W.","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson Mississippi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangzheng","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson Mississippi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norma B.","family":"Ojeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson Mississippi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhay J.","family":"Bhatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Division of Newborn Medicine University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson Mississippi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000053448.95913.3D"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.11112"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199711000-00021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.04.129"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02429043"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S2040174411000791"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.21812"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2008.06121.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.02.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.10.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.521203"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1976.tb04906.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2002.810204.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000331651"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2011.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(99)00678-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2016.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(95)00248-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0012162207000199.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-2094-10-45"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(01)02074-1"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"Fetal heart deceleration patterns in relation to asphyxia and weight\u2010gestational age percentile of the fetus","volume":"47","author":"Low J. 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