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This study revealed that an antibody raised against keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) cross\u2010reacts with an antigen(s) found extensively in both the central and the peripheral nervous systems of<jats:italic>Biomphalaria alexandrina<\/jats:italic>. The results revealed KLH\u2010like immunoreactive (LIR) neurons in the cerebral, pedal, buccal, left pleural, right parietal, and visceral ganglion within the CNS with fibers projecting throughout all the peripheral nerves. Numerous KLH\u2010LIR peripheral sensory neurons located in the foot, lips, tentacles, mantle, esophagus, and penis exhibited a bipolar morphology with long tortuous dendrites. KLH\u2010LIR cells were also present in the eye and statocyst, thus suggesting the labeling of multiple sensory modalities\/cell types. KLH\u2010LIR cells did not co\u2010localize with tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)\u2010LIR cells, which have previously been described in this and other gastropods. The results thus provide descriptions of thousands of peripheral sensory neurons, not previously described in detail. Future research should seek to pair sensory modalities with peripheral cell type and attempt to further elucidate the nature of KLH\u2010like reactivity. These findings also emphasize the need for caution when analyzing results obtained through use of antibodies raised against haptens conjugated to carrier proteins, suggesting the need for stringent controls to help limit potential confounds caused by cross\u2010reactivity. In addition, this study is the first to describe neuronal cross\u2010reactivity with KLH in<jats:italic>Biomphalaria<\/jats:italic>, which could provide a substrate for host\u2010parasite interactions with a parasitic trematode,<jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24497","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,5]],"date-time":"2019-08-05T04:38:30Z","timestamp":1564979910000},"page":"1469-1482","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Localization of keyhole limpet hemocyanin\u2010like immunoreactivity in the nervous system of<i>Biomphalaria alexandrina<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Griffin A.","family":"Beach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology &amp; Biophysics Dalhousie University Halifax NS Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed R.","family":"Habib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Malacology Laboratory Theodor Bilharz Research Institute Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yassine","family":"El Hiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology &amp; Biophysics Dalhousie University Halifax NS Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1237-9631","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark W.","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurobiology University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus San Juan Puerto Rico"},{"name":"Department of Anatomy &amp; Neurobiology University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus San Juan Puerto Rico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9846-0923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roger P.","family":"Croll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology &amp; Biophysics Dalhousie University Halifax NS Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.07-12-04165.1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19990105)403:1<39::AID-CNE4>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23075"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5185-12.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","first-page":"1283","volume-title":"Structure and function in the nervous systems of invertebrates","author":"Bullock T. 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