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Recent work illustrates dichotomous mitochondrial length in NAc MSN subtype dendrites after cocaine self\u2010administration, with a shift toward smaller mitochondria, due to enhanced fission, occurring in D1\u2010MSN dendrites and a shift toward larger mitochondria in D2\u2010MSN dendrites. However, to date there has been no comparison of mitochondrial morphological properties between MSN subtypes. In this study, we examine mitochondrial morphology in NAc D1\u2010MSNs versus D2\u2010MSNs. We observe an increase in the frequency of smaller length mitochondria in D2\u2010MSN dendrites relative to D1\u2010MSN dendrites, while D1\u2010MSN dendrites display an increase in larger length mitochondria. The differences in mitochondrial length occur in both NAc core and shell, although to a greater extent in NAc core. Finally, we demonstrate that the mitochondrial fusion molecule, Opa1, is differentially expressed in NAc MSN subtypes, with D1\u2010MSNs displaying higher expression of Opa1 ribosome\u2010associated mRNA. The difference in Opa1 levels may account for the bias toward enhanced smaller mitochondria in D2\u2010MSNs and enhanced larger mitochondria in D1\u2010MSNs. Collectively, our study demonstrates differential mitochondrial size and a potential molecular mediator of these mitochondrial differences in NAc MSN subtypes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24511","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]],"date-time":"2019-08-08T04:28:39Z","timestamp":1565238519000},"page":"1579-1589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Differential mitochondrial morphology in ventral striatal projection neuron subtypes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Ramesh","family":"Chandra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0138-3141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cali 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