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However, how perineal stimulation mediates this excitatory effect is poorly understood. We evaluated the effect of mechanically stimulating (vibration or pinch) the perineal region on ipsilateral (9\u201314\u00a0ms onset) and contralateral (14\u201318\u00a0ms onset) short\u2010latency cutaneous reflex responses evoked by electrically stimulating the superficial peroneal or distal tibial nerve in seven adult spinal cats where hindlimb movement was restrained. Cutaneous reflexes were evoked before, during, and after mechanical stimulation of the perineal region. We found that vibration or pinch of the perineal region effectively triggered rhythmic activity, ipsilateral and contralateral to nerve stimulation. When electrically stimulating nerves, adding perineal stimulation modulated rhythmic activity by decreasing cycle and burst durations and by increasing the amplitude of flexors and extensors. Perineal stimulation also disrupted the timing of the ipsilateral rhythm, which had been entrained by nerve stimulation. Mechanically stimulating the perineal region decreased ipsilateral and contralateral short\u2010latency reflex responses evoked by cutaneous inputs, a phenomenon we observed in muscles crossing different joints and located in different limbs. The results suggest that the excitatory effect of perineal stimulation on locomotion and weight support is mediated by increasing the excitability of central pattern\u2010generating circuitry and not by increasing excitatory inputs from cutaneous afferents of the foot. Our results are consistent with a state\u2010dependent modulation of reflexes by spinal interneuronal circuits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24791","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,3]],"date-time":"2021-02-03T14:48:13Z","timestamp":1612363693000},"page":"1448-1473","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Cutaneous inputs from perineal region facilitate spinal locomotor activity and modulate cutaneous reflexes from the foot in spinal cats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7597-119X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ang\u00e8le N.","family":"Merlet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology\u2013Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke Sherbrooke QC 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