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The significant and consistent male preponderance in ASD prevalence has historically affected the scientific knowledge of autism in females as regards, inter alia, the clinical presentation, the genetic architecture, and the structural brain underpinnings. Indeed, females with ASD are under\u2010investigated as samples recruited for clinical research typically reflect the strong male bias of the disorder. In the last years, the study of the various aspects of sex\/gender (s\/g) differences in ASD is gaining increased clinical and research interest resulting in a growing number of investigations on this topic. Here, I review and discuss evidence emerged from epidemiological, clinical, and neuroimaging studies in the last decade focusing on s\/g differences in children with ASD. These studies are the prerequisites for the development of assessment and treatment practices which take into consideration s\/g differences in ASD. Ultimately, a better understanding of s\/g differences aims at improving healthcare for both ASD males and females.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.25000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]],"date-time":"2022-01-18T20:28:51Z","timestamp":1642537731000},"page":"739-750","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Sex\/gender differences in children with autism spectrum disorder: A brief overview on epidemiology, symptom profile, and neuroanatomy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Sara","family":"Calderoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Developmental Neuroscience IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris  Pisa Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa  Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_14_2_1","volume-title":"ASEBA school\u2010age forms and profiles","author":"Achenbach T. 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