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Little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying those often subtle and unintentional yet detrimental behaviors. Here, we assessed the neural responses to gender\u2010based microaggressions in 28 early career faculty in medicine (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916 female, <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200912 male sex) using fMRI. Participants watched 33 videos of situations demonstrating gender\u2010based microaggressions and control situations in academic medicine. Video topics had been previously identified through real\u2010life anecdotes about microaggression from women faculty and were scripted and reenacted using professional actors. Primary voxel\u2010wise analyses comparing group differences in activation elucidated a significant group by condition interaction in a right\u2010lateralized cluster across the frontal (inferior and middle frontal gyri, frontal pole, precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus) and parietal lobes (supramarginal gyrus, angular gyrus). Whereas women faculty exhibited reduced activation in these regions during the microaggression relative to the control condition, the opposite was true for men. Posthoc analyses showed that these patterns were significantly associated with the degree to which participants reported feeling judged for their gender in academic medicine. Lastly, secondary exploratory ROI analyses showed significant between\u2010group differences in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and inferior frontal gyrus. Women activated these two regions less in the microaggression condition compared to the control condition, whereas men did not. These findings indicate that the observation of gender\u2010based microaggressions results in a specific pattern of neural reactivity in women early career faculty.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.25240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T07:25:51Z","timestamp":1693553151000},"page":"1803-1813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Neural responses to gender\u2010based microaggressions in academic medicine"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Balters","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lara C.","family":"Foland\u2010Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Bruno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vyjeyanthi S.","family":"Periyakoil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Population Health Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Valantine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allan L.","family":"Reiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral 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