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In the human brain, regional brain entropy (BEN) has been increasingly assessed using resting state fMRI (rs\u2010fMRI), while changes of regional BEN during task\u2010based fMRI have been scarcely studied. The purpose of this study is to characterize task\u2010induced regional BEN alterations using the large Human Connectome Project (HCP) data. To control the potential modulation by the block design, BEN of task\u2010fMRI was calculated from the fMRI images acquired during the task conditions only (task BEN) and then compared to BEN of rs\u2010fMRI (resting BEN). Moreover, BEN was separately calculated from the control blocks of the task\u2010fMRI runs (control BEN) and compared to task BEN. Finally, control BEN was compared to resting BEN to test for residual task effects in the control condition. With respect to resting state, task performance unanimously induced BEN reduction in the peripheral cortical area and BEN increase in the centric part of the sensorimotor and perception networks. Control compared to resting BEN showed similar entropy alterations, suggesting large residual task effects. Task compared to control BEN was characterized by reduced entropy in occipital, orbitofrontal, and parietal regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.25310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,24]],"date-time":"2024-02-24T01:44:18Z","timestamp":1708739058000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Task\u2010induced changes in brain entropy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Aldo","family":"Camargo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianpaolo","family":"Del\u00a0Mauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine  Baltimore Maryland 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