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In most lesion models investigated the neurotoxin causes primarily an axonal nerve terminal damage without notably affecting the perikarya. There was no evidence indicating that GM1 interferes with the primary and direct neurodegenerative actions of 5,7\u2010HT or 6\u2010OH\u2010DA on 5\u2010HT and NA nerve terminals, respectively. In all lesion models GM1 had in the chronic stage a counteracting effect on the neurotoxin\u2010induced nerve terminal lesion or enhanced regrowth. The present results are compatible with the view that GM1 has a regrowth\u2010stimulating effect and\/or protective actions against secondary retrograde degeneration following the initial nerve terminal lesion induced by the neurotoxin.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490120229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T10:49:37Z","timestamp":1104576577000},"page":"459-475","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["Effects of GM1 ganglioside on developing and mature serotonin and noradrenaline neurons lesioned by selective 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