{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T22:58:00Z","timestamp":1790981880759,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,11]],"date-time":"2004-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5884,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The distribution of <jats:italic>Trypanosoma brucei brucei<\/jats:italic> in the nervous system of experimentally infected Sprague\u2010Dawley rats and BALB\/c and deer mice was examined with immunohistochemical techniques. The trypanosomes showed an early invasion in areas lacking a so\u2010called blood\u2010brain or blood\u2010nerve barrier, i.e., in sensory ganglia and circumventricular organs including the area postrema, pineal gland, and median eminence. This distribution of trypanosomes may relate to the origin of cardinal symptoms of the disease, e.g., sensory disturbances, nausea, disturbed circadian rhythm, and neuroendocrinological dysfunctions. Trypanosome infections in rodents may provide a model for studies of how an infectious agent or factors released by the immune response may relatively selectively interfere with these functionally defined regions of the nervous system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490210109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T01:28:53Z","timestamp":1104542933000},"page":"56-61","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Spread of <i>Trypanosoma brucei<\/i> to the nervous system: Early attack on circumventricular organs and sensory ganglia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Schultzberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ambatsis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.\u2010B.","family":"Samuelsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Kristensson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"van Meirvenne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2990.1986.tb00682.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.1984.0107"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/320584a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-510X(70)90151-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"399","volume-title":"General Cytochemical Methods","author":"Coons A H","year":"1958"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"37","article-title":"Evidence for the existence of monoamine neurons in the central nervous system. 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