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Proximity to the site of injury and density of mononuclear phagocytes determine in part the amount of neurotoxic activity released by injured tissues. Moreover, drugs that suppress the accumulation of reactive microglia and macrophages also reduce tissue production of neuron poisons. Neurotoxins released by brain inflammatory cells or extracted directly from inflamed tissues are heat\u2010stable, protease\u2010resistant molecules &lt;500 daltons with actions blocked by N\u2010methyl\u2010D\u2010aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists. These molecules are distinguished from free radical intermediates, bind to cation exchange resins, lack carboxyl moieties, and are separated from excitatory amino acids including glutamate or aspartate and from the NMDA receptor\u2010mediated toxin quinolinc acid by ion exchange and reverse phase chromatography. Our data suggest that an unrecognized class of neuron\u2010killing molecules produced by inflammatory cells mediate the delayed neuronal loss associated with stroke and trauma. \u00a9 1993 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490360609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T01:46:40Z","timestamp":1104544000000},"page":"681-693","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":157,"title":["Reactive mononuclear phagocytes release neurotoxins after ischemic and traumatic injury to the central nervous system"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Giulian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Corpuz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Mansouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.124.1.286","article-title":"Effector mechanisms of cytologically activated macrophages. 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