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This effect is specific for CCm and ACM, as medium conditioned by PC12 cells (PC12CM) does not affect the GABA response of these cells. It is also specific for GABA\u2010induced currents because glutamate\u2010induced currents do not change either in amplitude or in shape in the presence of CCM or ACM. The inhibitory effect on the GABA response in cerebellar granule cells of both ACM and CCM could be suppressed by flumazenil, a specific benzodiazepine (BZD) antagnoist and could be mimicked by two BZD inverse agonists. These data thus demonstrate the presence of a BZD inverse agonist\u2010like activity in CCM and ACM. This effect of ACM on different neuronal cell types was heterogenous since no detectable effect could be observed on the GABA\u2010induced current in GABA\u2010responsive dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, presumably reflecting a functional heterogeneity of the GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub> receptors present in these different neuronal subsets. By the release of such an endogenous BZD inverse agonist like activity, glia cells could possibly modulate GABA<jats:sub>A<\/jats:sub> receptor\u2010mediated responses. \u00a9 1994 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490390403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T02:03:19Z","timestamp":1104544999000},"page":"364-376","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Astroglia\u2010released factor shows similar effects as benzodiazepine inverse agonists"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"J.\u2010M.","family":"Rigo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Belachew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P. 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