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We report that microglia in <jats:italic>op<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>op<\/jats:italic> mice are not affected by the mutation. They have normal morphology and are present in the CNS in normal frequency.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In cultures, disaggregated cells of neopallia can form microglia, but such cells from neopallia of <jats:italic>op<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>op<\/jats:italic> mice form microglia only when colony\u2010stimulating factor 1 (CSF\u20101) is added to the culture medium. The addition of granulocyte\/macrophage (GM)\u2010CSF or interleukin (IL)\u20103 to the culture medium does not stimulate production of microglia. Microglia that form in <jats:italic>op<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>op<\/jats:italic> neopallial cell cultures, in the presence of CSF\u20101, are capable of Fc\u2010receptor\u2010mediated phagocytosis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Based on our experiments, it seems that microglia are CSF\u20101 dependent but in <jats:italic>op<\/jats:italic>\/<jats:italic>op<\/jats:italic> mice (in which CSF\u20101 is absent) microglia may use other locally produced factors. \u00a9 1995 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490400412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T02:07:16Z","timestamp":1104545236000},"page":"535-544","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Microglia in colony\u2010stimulating factor 1\u2010deficient <i>op<\/i>\/<i>op<\/i> mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Blevins","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Fedoroff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2358","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.149.7.2358","article-title":"Production of hemolymphopoietic cytokines (IL\u20106, IL\u20108, colony stimulating factors) by normal human astrocytes in response to IL\u20101\u03b2 and tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1","volume":"149","author":"Aloisi F","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(90)90104-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"BlevinsG FedoroffS(1994):Colony stimulating factor\u20101 (CSF\u20101) modulates microglia response to neuron injury. 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