{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T04:15:21Z","timestamp":1791346521197,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,11]],"date-time":"2004-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1097452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3390,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A peptide toxin derived from funnel\u2010web spider venom, \u03c9\u2010agatoxin IVA, blocks voltage\u2010sensitive calcium channels. Many pharmacological and electrophysiological studies have shown that these channels are widely distributed in both the central nervous system (CNS) and neuromuscular junctions. However, a direct morphological demonstration of the binding sites of this toxin is still lacking. To identify which cells have the binding sites, a biologically active, biotin\u2010conjugated \u03c9\u2010agatoxin IVA was applied to mouse cerebellar and hippocampal slices. Confocal microscopy revealed that \u03c9\u2010agatoxin IVA binding sites were distributed on the somata of Purkinje cells, cerebellar granule cells and interneurons, as well as on the dendrites of Purkinje cells. In the hippocampus, the binding sites were localized on the somata of pyramidal cells of the CA1\u2013CA4 region and on the somata of granule cells in the dentate gyrus. A sequential competitive reaction confirmed the specificity of the binding in the cerebellum and CA1 pyramidal cells, and also suggested a difference in the binding affinity between CA1 and CA3 pyramidal cells. Since a high concentration of \u03c9\u2010agatoxin IVA (2 \u03bcM) was needed for the present study, the \u03c9\u2010agatoxin IVA binding sites presented in this study may represent \u201cP\u2010type\u201d and \u201cQ\u2010type\u201d calcium channels. \u00a9 1995 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.490410413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,1]],"date-time":"2005-01-01T02:10:45Z","timestamp":1104545445000},"page":"532-539","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Spatial distribution of \u03c9\u2010agatoxin IVA binding sites in mouse brain slices"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Nakanishi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Kimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Sakakibara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Mikoshiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-550640-3.50018-6","volume-title":"Handbook Membrane Channels","author":"Bean BP","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780199631063.003.0002","volume-title":"Cellular Neurobiology, A Practical Approach","author":"Chad JE","year":"1991"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"208","volume-title":"Methods in Enzymology","author":"Edwards FA","year":"1992"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90162-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.123.4.949"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.16.7076"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(94)11127-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(81)90183-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(88)90501-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.5.1689"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(92)90053-B"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)45955-8","article-title":"Voltage\u2010sensitive Ca2+ channels","volume":"267","author":"Miller RJ","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6815","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-11-06815.1994","article-title":"N\u2010type Ca2+ channels are located on somata, dendrites, and a subpopulation of dendritic spines on live hippocampal pyramidal neurons","volume":"14","author":"Mills LR","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/355827a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(92)90223-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/350398a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1993.2414"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0028-3908(93)90011-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"1478","article-title":"Five pharmacologically distinct high voltage\u2010activated Ca2+ channels in cerebellar granule cells","volume":"19","author":"Randall AD","year":"1993","journal-title":"Soc Neurosci Abstr"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90185-T"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.13.5621"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","first-page":"113","volume-title":"Handbook of Receptors and Channels. 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