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There is an interaction between them through the complement 3 (C3)\u2010C3a receptor (C3aR) pathway, which plays a detrimental role in seizures. Our self\u2010developed novel H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    S donor has been found to have anti\u2010seizure effects. However, its mechanism remains to be explored. In the present study, we showed that the novel H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    S donor can inhibit the activation of astrocytes and microglia and their interaction through C3\u2010C3aR signaling, which contributed to alleviating microglial neuroinflammation and seizures. In LPS\u2010treated astrocytes and pilocarpine\u2010induced epileptic mice, the H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    S donor reduced C3 production in astrocytes and regulated the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL\u20101\u03b2 and IL\u201010 in microglia. The H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    S donor also reduced the EEG amplitude of hippocampal epileptic waves and relieved seizures in epileptic mice. These effects of the H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    S donor can be reversed by intranasal C3 treatment and mimicked by a C3aR antagonist. These findings provide a novel mechanism underlying the anti\u2010seizure effects of the H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    S donor. Therefore, the H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    S donor has the potential to be used as a candidate for antiepileptic drugs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.70041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T07:49:36Z","timestamp":1746172176000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["A Novel\n                    <scp>\n                      H\n                      <sub>2<\/sub>\n                      S\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Donor Alleviates Neuroinflammation and Seizures by Inhibiting the\n                    <scp>C3<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>C3aR<\/scp>\n                    Pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Yaru","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, School of Basic 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