{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T10:26:22Z","timestamp":1791195982160,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756252800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015460","name":"Epicure Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015460","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005960","name":"Deutsches Rote Kreuz","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005960","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    To assess the impact of SK channel agonists on seizure\u2010like events (SLEs) in various seizure models in slices of the temporal cortex obtained from pharmacoresistant patients. SLEs were triggered by applying 4\u2010aminopyridine (100\u2009\u03bcM) to slices of the entorhinal cortex taken from both normal and pilocarpine\u2010treated rats. Additionally, SLEs were induced in slices of the temporal cortex obtained from individuals who had undergone epilepsy surgery. In the case of human slices, SLEs were also provoked by increasing potassium levels along with the administration of either 4\u2010AP (100\u2009\u03bcM) or bicuculline (50\u2009\u03bcM). The activation of SK2\/3 channels by the compound CYPPA (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20098) effectively prevented SLEs in slices from the brains of normal rats, pilocarpine\u2010treated rats (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20098), and in human cortex slices (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20099) when SLEs were triggered by 4\u2010AP. In human temporal cortex slices, CYPPA also demonstrated efficacy in preventing SLEs induced by an elevation in potassium concentration combined with bicuculline application (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20095). SKA\u201031, exhibited efficacy in slices from normal rats (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20098), rats treated with pilocarpine (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20098), and in human slices (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20097) when SLEs were provoked by 4\u2010AP. However, its effectiveness was limited when applied to human tissue slices exposed to bicuculline and elevated potassium levels. The SK1 channel activator GW\u2010542573X displayed only moderate anticonvulsant effects in the models under investigation. SK2 channels showed the highest effectiveness across the different epilepsy models. Sensitivity to the SK3 channel activator was found to be more pronounced compared to the other two activators studied.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.70078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T06:54:50Z","timestamp":1756364090000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effects of Small Conductance Ca\n                    <sup>2+<\/sup>\n                    \u2010Activated Potassium Channel Agonists on SLEs in Varied Epilepsy Models, From Animal Slices to Pharmacoresistant Human Tissue"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4487-5223","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Liaquat","family":"Raza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center and Institute of Neurophysiology Charite Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Department of Infection Prevention Control Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Abdullah International Medical Research Center  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences  Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rizwan\u2010Ul","family":"Haq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center and Institute of Neurophysiology Charite Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacy Abbottabad University of Science &amp; Technology  Havelian Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Heinemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Research Center and Institute of Neurophysiology Charite Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01616412.2018.1532481"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yebeh.2024.110026"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-021-02101-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2006.07.007"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","first-page":"899","article-title":"Guidelines of the Austria Section of the International Epilepsy League on the Health\u2010Related Capacity for Automobile Driving (License Guidelines) of Persons With Epileptic Seizures and Other Sudden Disorders of Consciousness","volume":"112","author":"Baumgartner C.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1997.sp021842"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17373"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.17376"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(99)02348-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.948412"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2008.04.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2012.04.053"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1593-18.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2021.658435"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.674483"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0920-1211(92)90075-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2074-04.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-015-0676-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2005.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-9961(03)00039-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707281"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","first-page":"1762","article-title":"SK Channels Participate in the Formation of After Burst Hyperpolarization and Partly Inhibit the Burst Strength of Epileptic Ictal Discharges","volume":"17","author":"Huang Y.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Molecular Medicine Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awl218"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.116.012864"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh568"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2019.107865"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(01)03351-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2018.00258"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-24-09071.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2013.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401\u2010022\u201000935\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2009.02.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2010.05.095"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1991.65.4.771"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1556\/cemed.5.2011.4.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781032711102-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2024.112620"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.01.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms140918284"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2024.109960"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1987.57.6.1911"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2021.759707"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-22-09698.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2015.00030"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/mcne.2000.0842"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(86)91247-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-4328(83)90136-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abp8982"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2012.01.071"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroscience Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jnr.70078","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T06:42:29Z","timestamp":1758782549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jnr.70078"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jnr.70078"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jnr.70078","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JNR.70078\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JNR.70078\/v3\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JNR.70078\/v3\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JNR.70078\/v2\/response1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JNR.70078\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JNR.70078\/v1\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JNR.70078\/v2\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JNR.70078\/v2\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JNR.70078\/v2\/review2","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JNR.70078\/v3\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0360-4012","1097-4547"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0360-4012","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4547","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-08-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70078"}}