{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T19:30:14Z","timestamp":1789500614477,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764374400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Traumatic brain injury (TBI) results from external mechanical forces causing brain dysfunction. Dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in TBI pathophysiology, but the role of miR\u2010598\u20103p remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of miR\u2010598\u20103p in TBI and explore its regulatory effects on inflammation in an LPS\u2010induced microglial injury model. Serum miR\u2010598\u20103p levels were measured via RT\u2010qPCR in 137 TBI patients and 120 controls. ROC curves assessed its diagnostic and prognostic utility. TBI severity was classified by Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, and outcomes were evaluated using the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). In\u00a0vitro, LPS\u2010treated BV2 microglia were transfected with a miR\u2010598\u20103p inhibitor to analyze inflammatory cytokine levels. miR\u2010598\u20103p expression was significantly elevated in TBI patients versus controls (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and increased progressively with injury severity. ROC analysis demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing TBI severity (AUC\u2009=\u20090.892\/0.905) and predicting poor prognosis (AUC\u2009=\u20090.891, sensitivity\u2009=\u200983.33%, specificity\u2009=\u200990.36%). High miR\u2010598\u20103p expression correlated with elevated Marshall grades, neural injury markers (S100B, GFAP), and pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines (IL\u20106, TNF\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Multivariate analysis identified miR\u2010598\u20103p as an independent risk factor for poor outcomes (OR\u2009=\u20095.03,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). miR\u2010598\u20103p inhibition attenuated LPS\u2010induced IL\u20106\/TNF\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    secretion (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Serum miR\u2010598\u20103p demonstrates clinical utility as a biomarker for TBI diagnosis, severity grading, and prognostic evaluation. Its observed association with amplified microglial inflammatory responses suggests a potential mechanism involving regulation of neuroinflammation pathways.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.70095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]],"date-time":"2025-11-29T16:14:07Z","timestamp":1764432847000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Serum\n                    <scp>miR<\/scp>\n                    \u2010598\u20103p as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Traumatic Brain Injury: Involvement in Modulating Microglial Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"103","author":[{"given":"Yuxuan","family":"Lei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Jiangsu University  Zhenjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dalian Pulandian Central Hospital  Dalian China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0990-8860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhengrui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Qingdao Chengyang People's Hospital  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Qingdao Chengyang People's Hospital  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Qingdao Chengyang People's Hospital  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Qingdao Chengyang People's Hospital  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Sui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Qingdao Chengyang People's Hospital  Qingdao China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Congcong","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University  Ji'an China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02699052.2012.694565"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1474\u20104422(18)30231\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2021.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868\u2010023\u201000784\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2019.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5937\/jomb0\u201037716"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2022.2087906"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12031\u2010020\u201001623\u20107"},{"issue":"21","key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","first-page":"1615","article-title":"Expert Consensus on Early 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