{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T11:59:44Z","timestamp":1777982384975,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a major public health concern worldwide and contributes to chronic, persistent neurodegenerative diseases; however, the mechanisms are not fully understood. Most studies have examined cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and thalamus brain tissue, but the impact on the cerebellum following repetitive mTBI (rmTBI) leading to secondary injury cascades and long\u2010term pathophysiology is largely unexplored. This study investigated changes in gene expression in cerebellum tissue from an established murine model of rmTBI. The cerebellum tissue from 15 male C57BL\/6J mice was analyzed using RNA sequencing technology for animals sacrificed 48\u2009h (acute) and 90\u2009days (chronic) following a repetitive mild impact schedule. Differentially expressed gene (DEG) analysis showed no dysregulated genes above log2 fold change at 48\u2009h, but 360 DEGs at 90\u2009days. At 90\u2009days, multiple Gene Ontologies were different to controls, including disruption to mitochondria, proteosomes, ribosomes, and a reduction in vital cellular energy processes. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis in the chronic injury group revealed that dysregulated genes were characteristic of multiple neurological diseases, including\n                    <jats:italic>Parkinson's<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Huntington's disease<\/jats:italic>\n                    genetic signatures. This data demonstrates that the cerebellum and other brain regions disparate from the site of impact are more than just a bystander in chronic neurodegenerative pathologies and provides a vital link to the development of neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease from rmTBI trauma.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.70105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T05:14:29Z","timestamp":1771478069000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>RNAseq<\/scp>\n                    Analysis of the Cerebellum Reveals Significant Gene Dysregulation That May Explain Chronic Disease Progression in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9185-1828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katy M.","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences Central Queensland University  Rockhampton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Balzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences Central Queensland University  Bundaberg Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Doering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences Central Queensland University  Rockhampton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7054-1492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew I.","family":"Hiskens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mackay Institute of Research and Innovation, Mackay Hospital and Health Service  Mackay Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"du Preez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences Central Queensland University  Rockhampton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew S.","family":"Fenning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences Central Queensland University  Rockhampton Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awy142"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(02)00945-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btw623"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2017.09.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","unstructured":"Andrews S.n.d.\u201cFast QC A Quality Control Tool for High Throughput Sequence Data.\u201dhttps:\/\/www.bioinformatics.babraham.ac.uk\/projects\/fastqc\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fob.2012.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2021.636259"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2018.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms14010434"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlab001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.101040"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/665457"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neur.2021.0021"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.28849"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.89.16.7786"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2021.0347"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41420-021-00686-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2012.02025.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-93085-z"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","article-title":"Mitochondria and Brain Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Pathological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities","volume":"11","author":"Clemente\u2010Su\u00e1rez V. J.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.1948"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2017.10.JNS17352"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00062.2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3040-05.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2023.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bts635"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","unstructured":"Doyle M. andB.Phipson.2023.\u201c3: RNA\u2010Seq Genes to Pathways.\u201dhttps:\/\/gxy.io\/GTN:T00300."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","unstructured":"Doyle M. B.Phipson andH.Dashnow.2021.\u201c1: RNA\u2010Seq Reads to Counts (Galaxy Training Materials).\u201dhttps:\/\/gxy.io\/GTN:T00301."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","unstructured":"Doyle M. B.Phipson J.Maksimovic et\u00a0al.2020.\u201c2: RNA\u2010seq Counts to Genes (Galaxy Training Materials).\u201dhttps:\/\/gxy.io\/GTN:T00298."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12920-016-0164-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","unstructured":"Dunning M.2017.\u201cAnnotatemyids Bio.Tools. AnnotateMyIDs.\u201d"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btw354"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-020-01902-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20123048"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2021.650614"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_38_1","first-page":"15","article-title":"Altered Mechanisms of Protein Synthesis in Frontal Cortex in Alzheimer Disease and a Mouse Model","volume":"6","author":"Garcia\u2010Esparcia P.","year":"2017","journal-title":"American Journal of Neurodegenerative Disease"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcn.2015.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.89376.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4886(03)00127-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1010752"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.auec.2023.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2021.1909139"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.187336.112"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s10020-018-0004-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10132773"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_13_48_1","article-title":"Molecular Pathophysiological Mechanisms in Huntington's Disease","volume":"10","author":"Jurcau A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pro.3715"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkac963"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/28.1.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2003.12.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X15666170613083606"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2020.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/msb.20209596"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291710001728"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/omi.2016.0106"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-200609000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/gb-2014-15-2-r29"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/btm2.10329"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-023-00874-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt656"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cels.2015.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2018.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1533317513506774"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11020214"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-018-0519-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep31570"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkv412"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_71_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Neuroinflammatory Responses to Traumatic Brain Injury: Etiology, Clinical Consequences, and Therapeutic Opportunities","volume":"11","author":"Lozano D.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tcb.2020.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2016.4680"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2015.3.JNS141802"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0208-17.2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-017-0099-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/NMM:5:2:147"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2014-005078"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-023-02540-w"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_13_80_1","first-page":"1185","article-title":"Effect of the Modified Glasgow Coma Scale Score Criteria for Mild Traumatic Brain Injury on Mortality Prediction: Comparing Classic and Modified Glasgow Coma Scale Score Model Scores of 13","volume":"71","author":"Mena J. H.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Trauma"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.01.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.12956"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.8334"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12020403"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2011.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000001765"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bht221"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50626-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1123\/jab.29.6.721"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2016.1274777"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.32532"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_92_1","article-title":"Transfer RNA\u2010Derived Fragments and isomiRs Are Novel Components of Chronic TBI\u2010Induced Neuropathology","volume":"10","author":"Puhakka N.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2007.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-142937"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24031847"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_96_1","article-title":"Purification of Nucleic Acids by Extraction With Phenol:Chloroform","volume":"2006","author":"Sambrook J.","year":"2006","journal-title":"CSH Protocols"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox12040782"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1261\/rna.053959.115"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22169005"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/neur.2021.0051"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410300304"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25179339"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ph15070842"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18081788"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2011.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24331"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2022.113987"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.232477"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_109_1","first-page":"2498","article-title":"Ribosomal Proteins Are Blood Biomarkers and Associated With CD4+ T Cell Activation in Alzheimer's Disease: A Study Based on Machine Learning Strategies and scRNA\u2010Seq Data Validation","volume":"15","author":"Wang Y.","year":"2023","journal-title":"American Journal of Translational Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0151489"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aem131"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2478\/v10039-012-0011-0"},{"issue":"50","key":"e_1_2_13_113_1","first-page":"E8187","article-title":"Tau Prions From Alzheimer's Disease and Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Patients Propagate in Cultured Cells","volume":"113","author":"Woerman A. L.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.314315"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.301028"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-024-06515-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8134902"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20184391"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.14913"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2016.07.002"}],"container-title":["Journal of Neuroscience Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jnr.70105","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jnr.70105","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jnr.70105","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T04:26:06Z","timestamp":1773030366000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jnr.70105"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"references-count":119,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jnr.70105"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jnr.70105","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JNR.70105\/v1\/review1","asserted-by":"object"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1002\/JNR.70105\/v1\/decision1","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0360-4012","1097-4547"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0360-4012","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-4547","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-12-10","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70105"}}