{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T06:37:33Z","timestamp":1792132653983,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,22]],"date-time":"2026-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Neuroscience Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fibrinogen is a blood\u2010derived protein involved in coagulation and can make its way into the central nervous system (CNS) following breakdown of the blood\u2013brain barrier. This molecule has been implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS), a disease marked by inflammation and demyelination in the CNS. However, the effect of this molecule has not been studied on human myelinating cells. This study examines how fibrinogen influences human oligodendrocyte (OL) lineage cells at various stages of development. Using induced pluripotent stem cell\u2010derived (iPSC) OL precursors and human primary OLs, we examined the effects of fibrinogen on cell differentiation, viability, and myelination\u2010related function. Here we show the differential effect of fibrinogen, based on OL\u2010lineage stage. While fibrinogen induced aberrant differentiation of early lineage OLs, by inhibiting their maturation and inducing an astrocytic phenotype, on mature OLs fibrinogen was found to promote myelination capacity, as shown by ensheathment assays as well as on the RNA level. These effects were associated with the activation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling, both in early and mature OLs. We further found BMP signaling enrichment in OLs to be correlated with the inflammatory activity of an MS lesion and confirmed fibrinogen deposition on OLs in\u00a0situ. Unlike previous rodent studies, these findings indicate that fibrinogen has a lineage\u2010dependent effect, where it may be inhibitory earlier in the lineage while promoting OL function in later stages. Understanding this dual role will provide insight into remyelination failure in MS and highlights the importance of timing and target in future therapeutic strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.70120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T05:01:26Z","timestamp":1774242086000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Age and Maturation Stage Linked Consequences of Fibrinogen on Human Oligodendroglia"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3329-9275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela J.","family":"Blaszczyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute\u2010Hospital and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute\u2010Hospital and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"},{"name":"Department of Neurology Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University  Wuhan Hubei People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulshakour","family":"Mohammadnia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute\u2010Hospital and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiao\u2010Ling","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute\u2010Hospital and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arianna","family":"Giurleo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroimmunology Unit, Montreal Neurological Institute\u2010Hospital and Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery McGill University  Montreal Quebec Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5878-0973","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adam M. 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