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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of neuroinflammatory processes. Prior studies identified elevated levels of circulating miR\u201019a and miR\u201019b in individuals living with chronic pain following spinal cord injury (SCI). In this study, we wanted to determine whether miR\u201019a and miR\u201019b have a direct effect on microglia activation, specifically pro\u2010inflammatory activation, associated with neuroinflammation. Microglia were activated by inflammatory stimuli in the presence of miR\u201019a or miR\u201019b mimics, and assessed for the expression of cytokines, chemokines, and effector molecules. The results show that miR\u201019a or miR\u201019b mimics increased the expression of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and effector molecules in microglia. The results also showed decreased expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins, namely SOCS1 and SOCS3, in activated microglia with miR\u201019a and miR\u201019b mimics. Additionally, enhanced signaling through the NF\u03baB and Jak pathways was observed with increased NFkB\u2010p65 and JAK1 phosphorylation in the presence of miR\u201019a and miR\u201019b mimics. Further results show that miR\u201019a and miR\u201019b inhibitors reversed these effects on activated microglia. Overall, our results demonstrate that miR\u201019a or miR\u201019b increased the expression of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and effector molecules in activated microglia. These results indicate that miR\u201019a and miR\u201019b can enhance microglia activation and associated inflammatory responses, which may have implications for conditions associated with neuroinflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.70137","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:10:37Z","timestamp":1782385837000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>miR<\/scp>\n                    \u201019a\u20103p and\n                    <scp>miR<\/scp>\n                    \u201019b\u20103p Promote Microglia Activation Associated With Neuroinflammation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Faezeh","family":"Sahebdel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitative Medicine, School of Medicine University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ricardo 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