{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T04:48:40Z","timestamp":1791607720997,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Arrhythmia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Accurate arrhythmia (atrial fibrillation (AF) and congestive heart failure (CHF)) detection is still a challenge in the biomedical signal\u2010processing field. Different linear and nonlinear measures of the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal analysis are used to fix this problem.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sample entropy (SampEn) is used as a nonlinear measure based on single series to detect healthy and arrhythmia subjects. To follow this measure, the proposed work presents a nonlinear technique, namely, the cross\u2010sample entropy (CrossSampEn) based on two series to quantify healthy and arrhythmia subjects.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The research work consists of 10 records of normal sinus rhythm, 20 records of Fantasia (old group), 10 records of AF, and 10 records of CHF. The method of CrossSampEn has been proposed to obtain the irregularity between two same and different R\u2013R (R peak to peak) interval series of different data lengths. Unlike the SampEn technique, the CrossSampEn technique never awards a \u2018not defined\u2019 value for very short data lengths and was found to be more consistent than SampEn. One\u2010way ANOVA test has validated the proposed algorithm by providing a large F value and <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.0001. The proposed algorithm is also verified by simulated data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is concluded that different RR interval series of approximate 1500 data points and same RR interval series of approximate 1000 data points are required for health\u2010status detection with embedded dimensions, <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a02 and threshold, <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.2. Also, CrossSampEn has been found more consistent than Sample entropy algorithm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/joa3.12839","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T10:43:55Z","timestamp":1679481835000},"page":"412-421","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Cardiac arrhythmia detection using cross\u2010sample entropy measure based on short and long <scp>RR<\/scp> interval series"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2062-2686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kanchan","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology  Jalandhar Punjab India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramesh 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