{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T06:10:37Z","timestamp":1768284637165,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]],"date-time":"2024-05-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716249600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014741","name":"Cardiological Society of India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSI\/IEC\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSI\/IEC\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014741","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Arrhythmia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is ongoing debate around rate versus rhythm control strategies for managing atrial fibrillation (AF), however, much of the data comes from Western cohorts. Kerala\u2010AF represents the largest prospective AF cohort study from the Indian subcontinent.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare 12\u2010month outcomes between rate and rhythm control strategies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients aged \u226518\u2009years with non\u2010transient AF were recruited from 53 hospitals across Kerala. Patients were stratified by rate or rhythm control. The primary outcome was a composite of all\u2010cause mortality, arterial thromboembolism, acute coronary syndrome or hospitalization due to heart failure or arrhythmia at 12\u2009months. Secondary outcomes included bleeding events and individual components of the primary. Predictors of the composite outcome were analysed by logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 2901 patients (mean age 64.6\u2009years, 51% female) were included (2464 rate control, 437 rhythm control). Rates of the primary composite outcome did not differ between groups (29.7% vs 30.0%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.955), nor did any component of the primary. Bleeding outcomes were also similar (1.6% vs 1.9%; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.848). Independent predictors of the primary composite outcome were older age (aOR 1.01; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.013), BMI &lt;18 (aOR 1.51; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.025), permanent AF (aOR 0.78; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.010), HFpEF (aOR 1.40; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.023), HFrEF (aOR 1.39; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.004), chronic kidney disease (aOR 1.36; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), and prior thromboembolism (aOR 1.31; <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.014).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the Kerala\u2010AF registry, 12\u2010month outcomes did not differ between rate and rhythm control cohorts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/joa3.13059","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,22]],"date-time":"2024-05-22T03:44:12Z","timestamp":1716349452000},"page":"822-829","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["One\u2010year outcomes of rate versus rhythm control of atrial fibrillation in the Kerala\u2010AF Registry"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8401-4033","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Calvert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Gue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3490-090X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dhiraj","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital  Liverpool UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jinbert Lordson","family":"Azariah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute  Thiruvananthapuram India"},{"name":"Department of Research Global Institute of Public Health  Trivandrum India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"George\u00a0Koshy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cosmopolitan Hospital  Trivandrum Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geevar","family":"Zachariah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mother Hospital  Thrissur Kerala India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7566-1626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory Y. H.","family":"Lip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science at University of Liverpool Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"Danish Centre for Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg University  Aalborg Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bahuleyan Charantharayil","family":"Gopalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Ananthapuri Hospitals and Research Institute  Thiruvananthapuram India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the Kerala AF Registry Investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1010539510365100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"53","article-title":"Risk factor profile for chronic non\u2010communicable diseases: results of a community\u2010based study in Kerala, India","volume":"131","author":"Thankappan KR","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-025901"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2017.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa612"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0041-1739411"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/12790"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2021-001794"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2019422"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.122.060274"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.056323"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa021328"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjcvp\/pvad021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13494"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-021-02296-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2022.101185"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehad083"}],"container-title":["Journal of Arrhythmia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/joa3.13059","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,12]],"date-time":"2024-08-12T06:51:09Z","timestamp":1723445469000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/joa3.13059"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/joa3.13059"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/joa3.13059","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1880-4276","1883-2148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1880-4276","type":"print"},{"value":"1883-2148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-12-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}