{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T16:08:16Z","timestamp":1792598896064,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1731542400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Arrhythmia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We present a case series of patients with granulomatous myocarditis presenting as atrial arrhythmias accompanied by lymphadenopathy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atrial myocarditis (AM) may be the cause of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients without risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with atrial fibrillation without risk factors underwent 18F\u2010Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F\u2010FDG\u2010PET). We performed biopsy of lymph nodes or myocardium in patients with atrial uptake of 18F\u2010FDG\u2010PET.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      AM was observed in 15 patients. The median age of the patients was 42\u2009years and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) at presentation was 45%. All patients had AF, atrial flutter was noted in 4 patients (26.7%) and 2 patients (13.3%) had atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT). 18F\u2010FDG\u2010PET uptake was noted in the atria in all patients and in the ventricles in 3 patients (20%). Cardiac sarcoidosis was the diagnosis in 12 patients (80%) while 3 patients (20%) had tuberculosis. The median CHA2DS2 VASc score was 1. Four patients (26.7%) presented with ischemic stroke. All patients were treated with disease\u2010specific therapy in addition to antiarrhythmic medications. Over a median follow up of 26\u2009months, a significant improvement in clinical status commensurate with a decline in atrial uptake was noted. A non\u2010significant improvement in LVEF to 56% with disease\u2010specific therapy was observed. (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.09).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atrial fibrillation with granulomatous lymphadenopathy may be a presenting feature of AM. The risk of stroke is high in these individuals. AM should be suspected in young individuals presenting with atrial fibrillation and stroke without conventional risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/joa3.13181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]],"date-time":"2024-11-14T04:54:22Z","timestamp":1731560062000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Atrial arrhythmias with mediastinal lymphadenopathy presentation of isolated atrial myocarditis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5445-2307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharath","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiology AIG Institute of Cardiac Sciences and Research  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachin","family":"Yalagudri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiology AIG Institute of Cardiac Sciences and Research  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daljeet","family":"Saggu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiology AIG Institute of Cardiac Sciences and Research  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Mansoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiology AIG Institute of Cardiac Sciences and Research  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijaya K.","family":"Tourani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Care Hospitals  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Calambur","family":"Narasimhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiology AIG Institute of Cardiac Sciences and Research  Hyderabad India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.019893"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2015.2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2015.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.128900"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.26.4.490"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002\u20108703(84)90711\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jcp.21.6.750"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.02.044"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000665"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.10.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2012.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2014.03.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.96.4.1180"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540\u20108167.1998.tb00942.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.cir.103.2.269"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259\u2010007\u20100650\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2018.10.106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.108.5.1460"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jce.13228"}],"container-title":["Journal 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