{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T05:11:42Z","timestamp":1782364302947,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747872000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Arrhythmia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Thyroid gland disorders are a known risk factor for atrial fibrillation and flutter (AF\/AFL). Despite being a well\u2010established risk factor, most studies have primarily examined prevalence, comorbidities, and treatment patterns with little to no research on mortality trends for this association. Objective: We aimed to analyze the trends in AF\/AFL\u2010related mortality in patients with thyroid gland disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Age\u2010adjusted mortality rates and crude rates per 100,000 population from 1999 to 2020 using the CDC WONDER database. Annual percent changes and their averages were calculated via Joinpoint regression. AF\/AFL\u2010related mortality trends in patients with thyroid disorders were compared with those in the general population using pairwise comparison.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the study period, a total of 7187 AF\/AFL\u2010related deaths were observed in individuals diagnosed with thyroid gland disorders. The age\u2010adjusted mortality rates increased throughout the study period. The mortality rates in females remained consistently higher than those in males. Mortality rates did not vary substantially across regions (South: 0.09; Northeast: 0.09; Midwest: 0.10; West: 0.11). Furthermore, the annual percent change in females and South with thyroid disorders differed significantly from the general population. The states with the highest mortality rates were Oregon, Wyoming, and Nebraska. The mortality rates remained higher in nonmetropolitan regions (0.11) than in metropolitan regions (0.09).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>AF\/AFL\u2010related mortality trends associated with thyroid disorders increased from 1999 to 2020. Policies that target vulnerable populations and regions may be beneficial in mitigating the increasing AF\/AFL\u2010related mortality associated with disorders of the thyroid gland.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/joa3.70096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T03:43:31Z","timestamp":1747885411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Trends in atrial fibrillation and flutter mortality associated with disorders of thyroid gland in the United States from 1999 to 2020"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9374-927X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shahzaib","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine and Dentistry  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shoaib","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Joseph Hospital and Medical Center  Phoenix Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamza","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical College  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eeman","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine and Dentistry  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umar","family":"Akram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Allama Iqbal Medical College  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbas H.","family":"Mallick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine The Brooklyn Hospital Center  Brooklyn New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irfan","family":"Ullah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Khyber Teaching Hospital  Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raheel","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Heart and Lung Institute Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7874-4566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chadi","family":"Alraies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Detroit Medical Center  Detroit Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregg C.","family":"Fonarow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology University of California  Los Angeles California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.14874"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(14)61774\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005119"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380\u2010023\u201002341\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.103325"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).Multiple Cause of Death 1999\u20132020 Request.2023https:\/\/wonder.cdc.gov\/mcd\u2010icd10.html. 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