{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:51:35Z","timestamp":1791982295020,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790208000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS\u20102025\u201016064327"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS\u20102025\u201016064327"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Arrhythmia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Accurate prediction of atrial fibrillation (AF) is essential for prevention. The CHARGE\u2010AF score, based on routinely available clinical factors, provides a practical tool for estimating AF risk but has limited predictive accuracy. This study aimed to improve AF risk prediction by integrating artificial intelligence (AI)\u2013based electrocardiogram (ECG) analysis of age and sex with genetic information in addition to established clinical risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We analyzed 39\u2009478 UK Biobank participants without prior AF. A polygenic risk score for AF (AF\u2010PRS), the AI\u2010ECG age gap (AI\u2010ECG\u2013predicted age minus chronological age), and AI\u2010ECG\u2013predicted sex mismatch were evaluated on top of the CHARGE\u2010AF model. Model performance was compared across sequential prediction models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Over a median follow\u2010up of 2.7\u2009years (interquartile range, 1.7\u20134.2; maximum, 6.7), 533 participants (1.3%) developed AF. AF\u2010PRS (HR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.48\u20131.76) and the AI\u2010ECG age gap (HR 1.37, 95% CI: 1.24\u20131.51) were independently associated with incident AF. Compared with CHARGE\u2010AF alone (C\u2010index 0.708, 95% CI: 0.686\u20130.730), adding AF\u2010PRS improved discrimination (C\u2010index 0.743; \u03940.035, 95% CI: 0.021\u20130.049;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Adding traditional ECG parameters did not enhance performance, whereas incorporating AI\u2010ECG features (age gap and sex mismatch) into the combined clinical and genetic model provided additional gain in discrimination (C\u2010index 0.754; \u03940.045, 95% CI: 0.028\u20130.062), reclassification (net reclassification improvement 0.408), and discrimination improvement (0.007; all\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Integrating genetic risk and AI\u2010ECG\u2013derived features enhances AF prediction beyond an established clinical model, supporting the use of combined digital and genetic biomarkers for risk stratification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/joa3.70463","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T12:02:02Z","timestamp":1790251322000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prediction of Atrial Fibrillation Risk Through the Integration of Genetic Information and Artificial Intelligence\u2010Based Electrocardiogram Data"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6552-1742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pil\u2010Sung","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei University College of Medicine Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanjin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei University College of Medicine Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8465-5412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oh\u2010Seok","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei University College of Medicine Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Je\u2010Wook","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei University College of Medicine Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9736-450X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daehoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei University College of Medicine Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6835-4759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hee Tae","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei University College of Medicine Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4200-3456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tae\u2010Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei University College of Medicine Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1611-8172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae\u2010Sun","family":"Uhm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei University College of Medicine Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9036-7225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boyoung","family":"Joung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei University College of Medicine Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3256-3620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hui\u2010Nam","family":"Pak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Yonsei University College of Medicine Yonsei University Health System  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.005119"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.117.309732"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.112.000102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.117.031431"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa612"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0171-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0183-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.057480"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.119.007284"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31721-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-025-01727-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.124.037145"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001779"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15948-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/euae291"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2047487314544045"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCGEN.121.003355"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0579-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0133-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0307270"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15432-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25351-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-024-01234-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjdh\/ztaf054"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1982.03320430047030"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.2929"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0272989X06295361"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.119.315686"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2025.05.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-024-01428-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.landig.2024.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCEP.108.806828"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2013.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-024-01170-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-024-01418-9"}],"container-title":["Journal of Arrhythmia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/joa3.70463","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/joa3.70463","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/joa3.70463","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T12:28:30Z","timestamp":1791980910000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/joa3.70463"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/joa3.70463"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/joa3.70463","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1880-4276","1883-2148"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1880-4276","type":"print"},{"value":"1883-2148","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-12-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-24","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70463"}}