{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T10:26:04Z","timestamp":1785839164181,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686614400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Basic Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A decline in common bean production and the ineffectiveness of synthetic chemical products in managing plant pathogens has led to exploiting Kenyan soda lakes as an alternative search for biocontrol agents. This study aimed to identify phylogenetically <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic> spp. from Lake Magadi and their antagonistic activity against <jats:italic>Rhizoctonia solani<\/jats:italic> under in vitro and in vivo conditions. The 16\u2009S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) subunit sequences of six bacterial strains isolated from Lake Magadi showed diversity similar to the <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic> genus; <jats:italic>Bacillus velezensis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Bacillus pumilus<\/jats:italic>. In vitro, antagonism showed varied mycelium inhibition rates of fungi in the coculture method. Enzymatic assays showed the varied ability of isolates to produce phosphatase, pectinase, chitinase, protease, indole\u20103\u2010acetic acid (IAA), and hydrogen cyanide (HCD). The in vivo assay showed M09 (<jats:italic>B. velezensis<\/jats:italic>) with the lowest root mortality and incidence of postemergence wilt. Pre\u2010emergence wilt incidence was recorded as lowest in M10 (<jats:italic>B. subtilis<\/jats:italic>). Isolate M10 had the highest phenylalanine ammonia\u2010lyase (PAL) for defense enzymes, while polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase were recorded as highest in M09. For the phenolic content, M10 recorded the highest phenolic content. In conclusion, Lake Magadi harbors <jats:italic>Bacillus<\/jats:italic> spp, which can be used as a potential biocontrol of <jats:italic>R. solani<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jobm.202300038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T14:41:17Z","timestamp":1686667277000},"page":"1293-1304","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Taxonomical, functional, and cytopathological characterization of <i>Bacillus<\/i> spp. from Lake Magadi, Kenya, against <i>Rhizoctonia solani<\/i> K\u00fchn in <i>Phaseolus vulgaris<\/i> L"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9304-9879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tofick B.","family":"Wekesa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology Research Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eliud N.","family":"Wafula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical and Biological Sciences Bomet University College Bomet Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ndinda","family":"Kavesu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology Research Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert M.","family":"Sangura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Management Science and Entrepreneurship Bomet University College Bomet Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"409","article-title":"A cost benefit analysis of farmer based seed production for common bean in 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