{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T14:22:50Z","timestamp":1782310970773,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]],"date-time":"2023-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691366400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Basic Microbiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interdisciplinary studies on cultural heritage artworks provide efficient solutions to control fungal growth and the negative effects of biodeterioration. In this study, we aimed to identify the population of filamentous fungi colonizing an engraving by the Dutch painter Rembrandt, whose conservation status was compromised and showed visible stains of biodeterioration. Microbiological techniques, such as cultivation\u2010dependent approaches and molecular biology, have been used to identify fungal populations. In addition, the anaerobic atmosphere technique and eco\u2010friendly antifungal agents, such as essential oils (EOs) of <jats:italic>Curcuma longa<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Thymus vulgaris<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Melaleuca alternifolia<\/jats:italic>, were tested against the metabolically active fungal population <jats:italic>Cladoposporium spinulosum<\/jats:italic>. Furthermore, in vitro assays revealed that the interaction between the fungal strains and EO was positive, inhibiting the growth of these fungi, and the EOs from <jats:italic>T. vulgaris<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>M. alternifolia<\/jats:italic> showed low minimum inhibitory concentration values. Exposure to anaerobic conditions for 35 days was effective in the total elimination of isolated fungal strains. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the effectiveness of a nondestructive technique for artwork on engraving colonized by fungal strains and using EO as an alternative to toxic antifungals used in conventional treatments in artworks. Thus, this interdisciplinary study involving applied microbiology and botanical and preventive conservation presents a tool to control microbial growth while maintaining artwork integrity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jobm.202300317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T06:06:13Z","timestamp":1691474773000},"page":"1085-1094","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Detection of <i>Cladosporium spinulosum<\/i> on an engraving by Rembrandt and susceptibility profile to eco\u2010friendly antifungal treatments"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6923-7143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Douglas","family":"Boniek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Science Federal University of Minas Gerais Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9519-1318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ant\u00f4nio Fernando","family":"Batista dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Education and Culture Foundation of Minas Gerais FUMEC University Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6220-1321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Aparecida","family":"de Resende Stoianoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Science Federal University of Minas Gerais Horizonte Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mib.2018.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2017.46"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-022-00720-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Evaluation of the antifungal efficiency of biocides currently applied in the coimbra UNESCO area limestone monuments","volume":"42","author":"Trov\u00e3o J","year":"2023","journal-title":"Conservar Patrim\u00f3nio"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.2013.748035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.6b05512"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ibiod.2019.104721"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-46168-7_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00203-022-03395-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","unstructured":"Aa.Vv. 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